the pituitary gland
Known as the endocrine, weighing up to 0.5 grams, or 0.018 ounces, about the size of peas, and contains the gland on three cloves, these lobes combined to secrete many of the hormones important to the body; to conduct its biological and physiological processes properly.
The name of this gland is credited to the Greek physician Galinus, who referred to it in Ancient Greek, and as part of a series of secret organs for secretion of nasal mucus. In attempts to find a synonym for English, Samuel Thomas attempted to translate Greek To English with the word ὑόό which means under, and the word ύύειν which means growth, ie under growth.
Where is the pituitary gland located in the human body?
The pituitary gland is a bulge located opposite the lower part of the hypothalamus in the brain, specifically on the pituitary pit of the osteotomy in the center of the central cranial fossa, and surrounded by a small cavity known as the Turkish saddle, and contains the gland in three parts, the first of which Known as the anterior pituitary gland; this part regulates many physiological processes such as stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation.
The second part is known as the midriff that collects and secrete the activating hormone for melanocytes. The third part is the posterior pituitary gland, which is functionally linked to the hypothalamus through a small tube called the pituitary gland, also known as the repressive tunnel or repression.
Functions of the pituitary gland
- Front lobe: It collects and secrete hormones. These hormones include: human growth hormone HGH, thyroid hormone TSH, adrenal cortex hormone ACTH, prolactin PRL and is known as the yellow body, hormone and FSH.
- Average lobe: The average lobe collects and secrete the activated hormone for melanocytes (MSH).
- Back lobe: The anti-diuretic hormone ADH, also known as vasopressin, arginine, and vasopressin, is mostly released from the supra-optic nucleus in the hypothalamus region, and oxytocin, most of which are released from the proximal nucleus of the ventricle in the hypothalamus, and it is one of a few Of hormones that work to make positive reactions.
- Hormones: These hormones play an important role in controlling the body’s vital processes such as growth, blood pressure, uterine contractions during pregnancy, production of breast milk, promotion of sexual functions in both males and females, food conversion to energy known as metabolism, The body by controlling the absorption of water through the kidney, regulates temperature, eases acute pain.