an introduction
Perhaps the disease of hypertension is so widespread that almost none of us know a person close to him, a friend or even a person with this chronic disease. One of the most important things a high blood pressure patient should know is how to measure blood pressure using a blood pressure monitor known as the Sphygmomanometer. We do not want the patient to learn how to use a blood pressure monitor to measure himself, because it is difficult for someone to measure blood pressure for himself, but we mean that to learn how to measure blood pressure must be learned by people who are not infected with this chronic disease. It is an important goal to have at least one person in each household able to use this device. What is a blood pressure monitor? What are the precautions to properly measure blood pressure? How can arterial blood pressure be measured correctly? When should special conditions be emphasized during the process of measuring arterial blood pressure? What are natural and abnormal measurements?
What is a blood pressure monitor?
A blood pressure monitor is a device designed for medical use in hospitals, primary care clinics, various health centers and even in homes for personal use by persons not working in the health field. This device is designed in a way that checks the readings of blood pressure arterial, which are usually reading, the first is systolic blood pressure, and the second is diastolic blood pressure. This device has a digital ladder for different blood pressure levels, in which a fluid of mercury moves in a thin cylinder on the same digital ladder. This ladder is connected to a mechanical blower and a control valve that inflates and empties the air inside a cystic bracelet placed around the biceps of the person to measure the blood pressure For him, this is the commonest known, most commonly used and most accurate result. The other type does not have a digital ladder but an hour and a pointer pointing towards the reading number, but less accurate than the previous type.
How to measure blood pressure
A blood pressure monitor is not a difficult process. It does not require a long exercise, so that anyone at home can do it as we mentioned, but it is an important process because it determines readings by which a person is counted and whether he is a patient with hypertension or not. This person will become bound by or not. It is therefore a process that must be done with great care and caution.
To properly measure blood pressure, there are a set of precautions the person to be measured must first observe before the measurement process:
- The person should not have coffee, tea, or stimulant drinks.
- The person should not be smoking for at least four hours before the examination.
- The person should not be nervous or afraid.
- That the person does not wear tight clothes especially around the arm area, because this leads to inaccurate results.
- To sit for at least a quarter of an hour on a comfortable chair to avoid the impact of fatigue and increase the heartbeat resulting from exertion before the measurement process, which in turn lead to inaccurate results.
Also, to make the measurement currency correctly, there are a set of conditions that must be met in the person who will measure the blood pressure of the other person, namely:
- To sit on a chair in exchange for the person to measure his blood pressure.
- The level of consideration of the person measuring parallel to the high and low level of mercury liquid in the cylinder shall be on the digital ladder.
- That there is no source of noise, which affects the hearing of various blood pressure sounds.
- To place the person measuring the device on a flat table and parallel to the level of view.
After that, the person who wants to measure blood pressure to put the head of the clinical examination in the ears correctly, and then put her veil, the metal side of them, on the elbow joint from the pulse of the artery and the chest muscles and listen carefully during the process of blowing cystic bracelet around the arm tightly But not so tight as to affect the measurement process, and then blow the blower to a degree that usually reaches a pressure of 200 or slightly higher, and then vent the valve slowly to observe the voice of the first arterial blood pressure. When this sound is heard, systolic blood pressure is recorded as the first sound, and its number is determined by the inserted ladder. In the same way, the vent continues through the valve until the last audible blood pressure ends. This is called diastolic blood pressure, the second reading value or pressure the blood.
There are three other voices that can be distinguished between the first sound and the last sound, called a total of five, with Kortkov’s voices that do not care much about normal blood pressure.
special cases
There are special cases where more attention is required, and all necessary precautions are taken and exceptional matters are taken as required. Examples include:
- When pregnant, the measurement of arterial blood pressure must be done in a manner slightly different from the normal way. The same precautions must be adhered to, but diastolic blood pressure is read on the voice of Cortkov IV, not the first as it is in the normal way, and this calls for accurate value in pregnant women because any rise, albeit a slight arterial pressure, has a negative impact On the mother and on the fetus alike.
- In very high blood pressure situations, the sound may be heard immediately when you reach the value of 200, so mercury must be raised to a higher signal until the sound disappears to perform the operation properly and for the first sound to be heard and recorded. Because these people, I mean very high blood pressure, are people who are exposed to serious complications, it requires the examiner to record readings more than once to ensure that the values are correct and to make decisive decisions regarding the use of various blood pressure drugs to reduce blood pressure as soon as possible Can.
- In the case of children, the appropriate inflatable bracelet should be used, because the use of a larger or smaller bracelet usually results in inaccurate results.
Natural and unnatural readings
Based on the eighth issue issued in late 2013 of the National Joint Committee for Blood Pressure Diseases (JNC 8), cases are divided according to blood pressure readings as follows:
- Systolic blood pressure is less than 120 and the diastolic blood pressure is below 80, normal.
- Systolic blood pressure from 120 to 139 and diastolic blood pressure from 80 to 89, pre-hypertension.
- Systolic blood pressure from 140 to 159 and diastolic blood pressure less than 90 to 99, high blood pressure first degree
- Systolic blood pressure of 160 and above, diastolic blood pressure of 100 and above, high blood pressure second degree
Conclusion
Hypertension is a very common disease. It is necessary for people who are not specialists in the health field to be able to perform blood pressure measurement,