This disease is known as the silent killer, because its symptoms are not apparent. In most cases, patients with high blood pressure are aware of their infection after the appearance of the symptoms, which is one of its complications, as it appears because of destruction in a particular part of the body.
blood pressure
Is the blood pressure on the arteries in the body, measured in millimeters of mercury, and the identification of two readings of mercury, it measures two types of blood pressure, namely:
- Systolic blood pressure is the number one (highest value) blood pressure resulting from myocardial contraction.
- Diastolic blood pressure is the second (lowest value) blood pressure resulting from the relaxation of the heart muscle between two pulses.
If we have two blood pressure readings of 160 and 90, blood pressure is 160 to 90 or 160/90, and global hypertension is defined as more than or equal to 140/90
Divides into levels:
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- People with low blood pressure, for people who are reading systolic pressure have less than 90, diastolic pressure is less than 60.
- Normalized: systolic blood pressure (90 – 120) and diastolic blood pressure (60 – 80).
- Pre-injury blood pressure (the stage that requires continuous periodic examination is considered the stage of alert) and systolic blood pressure (121 – 139), and diastolic blood pressure (81 – 89).
- First level hypertension: systolic blood pressure (140 – 159) and diastolic blood pressure (90 – 99).
- Level II hypertension: Systolic blood pressure is more than or equal to 160, and diastolic blood pressure is more than or equal to 100
Notes
- When blood pressure is present for the first time, a person is not considered to have the disease from the first blood pressure test, but his blood pressure readings are monitored for a week. Blood pressure is measured twice a day and readings are recorded and followed up with the doctor.
- Blood pressure is not measured immediately after a motor or sports effort, but you have to wait a little until the person relaxes.
- Blood pressure is not measured after drinking coffee because it leads to its height and therefore the measurement is not accurate.
- Some people have high blood pressure compared with others for different blood groups, studies have shown that the owners of blood type B blood pressure are relatively high.
Causes of the disease
- Eat salt in large quantities in eating.
- overweight.
- Pregnancy.
- Take some medications and in this case the person is warned of the possibility of exposure to high blood pressure as a side effect of the drug.
- Patients who always need a periodic check to make sure they do not have high blood pressure. They are diabetics, the elderly, and people who have previously shown their blood pressure readings (higher than or equal to 135/85).
The reason for spreading health awareness of this disease
To prevent the occurrence of disease complications, to raise people’s awareness of the seriousness of the disease, to help them deal with this problem, to reduce the rate of premature deaths resulting from this disease, to reduce the economic burden at the individual, family and government levels caused by the cost of treatment of this disease and deal with its complications .
Methods of measuring blood pressure
Use the electronic device
It is a device placed around the wrist like the clock, and then it is turned on and the device work automatically, and after a few seconds the device displays blood pressure on the screen, and this method is the easiest and most accurate, but it depends on the efficiency of the device, and the period of use.
Use the mercury device
The device consists of a mercury tube inserted, rubber bag, earphone, air inflator with a lock to control the exit of the air which is connected to the rubber bag through a rubber tube, and the steps of use are as follows:
Steps
- The rubber bag is placed around the hand so that its bottom is at the elbow.
- Place the headset directly under the bag.
- The air is gradually pumped through the air inflow, so the bag is filled with air, and the pulse is heard through the earpiece.
- When the air pump brings mercury into the mercury tube, the bag continues to be inflated until the mercury reaches a figure slightly above the normal pressure of that person.
- The airlock in the air inflator is gradually opened, with the mercury and pulse pulse checked, and the first digit of the blood pump (pulse) is heard through the speaker. This is the systolic pressure gauge of the blood vessels.
- The air is gradually emptied out of the bag, and when the sound of the audible pulse disappears, the second digit is recorded. This is the diastolic pressure gauge in the blood vessels.
Blood pressure is the number one on the second number.
Statistics and global events
The World Health Organization allocated World Health Day to 7 April 2013 for blood pressure, to raise awareness of the disease, in the life-span stage, the proportion of people with hypertension in Bangladesh, Egypt and Thailand is 12%, and reached 30% in Ukraine and Armenia, The proportion of people diagnosed with the disease in the United States of America for the same age group is 84%, and the percentage was low in Turkey, Iran and Albania.
Complications of hypertension
Heart disease, diabetes, stroke, disability, kidney failure, and complications vary according to diet, especially among countries with lower health culture or low income.
Fight against high blood pressure
Prevention and fight against chronic diseases are at various levels, including the individual and governments, to avoid complications of the disease and to occur in major health, psychological and economic crises.
Individuals
- Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables daily, making up five of the foods eaten daily.
- Eat starchy foods (whole grains, potatoes, rice …), making up one-third of the foods eaten daily.
- Do not eat too many high-fat foods, such as cheese, whole milk, dried foods, butter, etc.
- Eat fish, especially sardines and fresh tuna (non-canned).
- Eat white meat like chicken, instead of red meat and not multiply it.
- Reduce the amount of salt in the food, using other spices to add a different flavor to the food, and choose foods labeled “free of added salt – no added salt.”
- Use natural oils in food frying, olive oil, and sunflower oil.
- Reduce caffeine consumption, as in coffee drinks and energy drinks.
- Sports activities must be practiced at least five days a week for at least half an hour at a time. Activities include walking, swimming, biking, dancing, etc., as sports activities reduce blood pressure by foot 2- 10, the doctor should be consulted if the person suffers from hypertension disease.
- Periodic examination, to follow blood pressure,
States move to fight this disease
Kuwait began in 2013 to combat high blood pressure by reducing the salt in bread, after the statistics showed high rates of high blood pressure among Kuwaitis of all ages and both sexes, which was one reason why Kuwaitis eat salt twice the amount of three times the amount Allowed by the World Health Organization, after reducing the salt in the second most consumed products in Kuwait will be further steps to modify the diet of the population, especially among adolescents and children. Recently Qatar followed the example of Kuwait on this subject, followed by Bahrain as well.