Thyroid cancer

Thyroid

Is a small gland at the front of the neck, surrounds the throat and trachea, and attached to a pair of glands of the thyroid, and is responsible for the regulation of calcium in the blood, and passes behind the thyroid are very important neurons, feed the vocal cords in the throat on both sides. It controls the metabolism of all cells of the body, meaning that they enter into the work of each cell in the body. This gland is an endocrine gland, which enters the secretions directly into the blood, without the need for special channels to transport it.

Thyroid cancer is a tumor or cancerous growth in this gland. The process of replacing old thyroid cells with new ones is usually a continuous and organized process. Some of these cells may sometimes turn into abnormal cells and do not follow the normal growth cycle. When these cells continue to grow and multiply without control, they turn into cancerous cells. It has been observed in recent years that the proportion of people with thyroid cancer is increasing, according to the opinion of doctors as a result of the development of new technologies, which enables the discovery of tumors in the cancer is very small thyroid, could not be detected before.

Types

Hormonal carcinoma : The most common, 60 to 70 percent of thyroid cancer, women are more than men, the most malignant, fastest growing, and spread through lymphatic vessels.
Glandular carcinoma : Is a pool of cells, and contains liquid, and 20 percent of thyroid cancer, and spread among women, especially in the age of adulthood.
Ductile solid carcinoma : About 10 percent of thyroid cancer occurs.
Sciatic carcinoma : About 5 percent of thyroid cancer occurs in adulthood and is very common among women.

Diagnosis

Patient history : Usually the patient complains of a tumor in the front of the neck, and may be a change in sound, or difficulty swallowing, or inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
Clinical examination : It is done by the specialist doctor, since he can examine the patient’s neck to know if the tumor is present in the thyroid or not, and determines the number of tumors.
Ultrasound imaging : This assay shows the size, number, and composition of tumors.
Laboratory examination : To see gland activity.
Work biopsy : By taking a sample of the tumor to the tissue tissue of the cells.

Symptoms

Thyroid cancer often does not appear in the early stages of the disease, but the cancer of the thyroid may cause the following symptoms:

The appearance of a subcutaneous mass that can be felt when touching the neck area.
Changes in sound, including a persistent swelling, may occur.
Problems with swallowing.
The presence of pain in the neck and throat.
Inflammation of lymph nodes in the neck area.

Reasons

Exposure to genetic and physical changes.
The radiation is used in the diagnosis of dental diseases and is not a risk factor at all.
Genetic factors, including multiple ectopic colorectal cancer.

Complications

Despite treatment, thyroid cancer may recur again, even if the thyroid gland has been surgically removed. This may occur if microcopy-sized cells spread to other organs and regions of the body before the thyroid is removed. Thyroid cancer may recur after decades of treatment. It is possible to treat thyroid cancer recurrence, and the doctor may recommend periodic blood tests, or scans of thyroid gland, to look for signs of the return of cancer.

Treatment

Benign tumors: by surgery and the eradication of the affected lobe, and this treatment is not inevitable, unless the tumor is monolithic, or cause difficulty swallowing, breathing, or aesthetically.
Malignant tumors: After the examination of the tissues, and confirmed the presence of cancer cells, the treatment is by:
- Irradiated Iodine: It is used for women after menopause and menopause.
- Surgery: It requires the removal of the lobe, and after one month of the process is done to examine the radioactive iodine, to ensure that all the cells of the gland have been removed, and the rate of complete recovery of tumors of thyroid gland is very high, especially in the discovery and early treatment.

Tests after treatment

Physical examination: includes the sensitivity of the thyroid gland, the doctor can find a new tuber.
Ultrasonic examination: In search of thyroid growth, as a sign of the return of the disease.
Radiographic Iodine Examination: Shows the presence of thyroid cells.

Prevention

The real and direct cause of thyroid cancer has not yet been known, so there is no reliable way to prevent and prevent the onset of the disease in people at risk of developing moderate risk. People with a genetic genetic mutation increase their risk of developing thyroid cancer and may opt for surgery to remove the thyroid gland as a preventive and precautionary measure.

Hyal, the falling atomic dust caused by an accident at a nuclear facility, could lead to an outbreak of thyroid cancer in people living nearby. If, after the place of residence of the nuclear facility is 15 kilometers or less, the population is entitled to take preventive medication, which is to block the effects of radiation on the thyroid gland. In the event of an emergency, people are advised to take potassium iodide pills to prevent thyroid cancer.