Child development
Children grow very quickly especially in the first year of their lives. In addition to their physical growth in weight and height, children acquire skills and abilities during their developmental stages, referred to as developmental milestones. These skills are what most children can do by age.
Child development milestones
Child development features are often divided into four main sections:
- Motor development: It is the development of the motor abilities of the child, whether movements that use large muscles such as walking, sitting, or changing the position of the body, or delicate movements such as the use of hand in eating or drawing.
- Language development: This includes pronunciation and expression using language, as well as receiving and understanding words, as well as the use of nonverbal signals.
- Cognitive Development: This type of development is a measure of the child’s ability to solve problems through the use of intuition, cognition, and verbal and nonverbal reasoning, as well as the ability to learn, understand, and the ability to retrieve information and use them when needed.
- Social development: This includes the child’s response to the presence of others around him, as well as his ability to form and maintain relationships.
Stages of development of the baby
The parameters of the child’s development according to the age group are broken down as follows:
Two months
- Social development: The child can smile to those around him, and he has the ability to calm himself briefly by putting his hands on his mouth and sucking his fingers, and trying to look at his parents.
- Language development: The child begins to make a quiet noise (Cooing) and starts to point his head towards the sound sources around him.
- Cognitive Development: The child shows interest in the faces, begins to follow the objects with his eyes and recognizes the faces from a distance, and starts to pretend bored (as if he starts screaming) if his activity does not change.
- Motor development: The child can lift his head and push his body up if he is lying on his stomach, moving his arms and legs more smoothly.
four months
- Social development: He smiles spontaneously with those around him, loves to play with people and may cry if he stops playing, and at this stage imitates some movements and facial expressions such as smile and frown.
- Language development: Babble may be accompanied by expressions, mimic the sounds it hears, and cry in different ways to express its feelings of hunger, pain, or fatigue.
- Cognitive Development: Responds to the feeling of love, can feel happy or sad, and is able to access his games with one hand, and also use his eyes and hands at the same time. He begins to look at the faces carefully. He also recognizes familiar people and objects from a distance. His face was fixed.
- Motor development: The child is able to carry his head firmly without support, and may change the position of lying from his stomach to his back or lift his body with his elbows when lying on his stomach.
six months
- Social development: He knows the familiar faces and starts to know if he is a stranger, loves to play with others, interacts with their feelings, often seems happy, and likes to look at himself in the mirror.
- Language development: He responds to the voices around him by issuing certain sounds, pronouncing the vowels with the antagonists (such as Ah, E, and Oh), responding to his name, issuing sounds to express joy or sadness, and starting to speak with static voices incomprehensible to the literal and the literal.
- Cognitive Development: He looks at the objects around him, brings things to his mouth, begins to show his curiosity about things, tries to reach things that are out of reach, and begins to pass things from one hand to another.
- Motor development: He can roll on both sides (from the abdomen to the back and vice versa), and start sitting without support, and he can lift his weight on his feet to stand.
nine months
- Social development: He may be afraid of strangers and be more concerned with people familiar with him, and starts preferring certain games to others.
- Language development: He understands the word “no” and produces many different voices such as Mamamama and Babapapa, imitates the voices and expressions of others, and uses fingers to mark objects.
- Cognitive Development: Tracks objects when they fall, carries objects with thumb and forefinger, and passes objects from one hand to another smoothly.
- Motor development: The child can stand, and he can sit without a brace.
One year
- Social development: A child may become shy or nervous towards strangers. He may cry when his parents leave him, show fear in some situations, repeat certain actions or sounds to draw attention, and extend his hands and feet to help him dress.
- Language development: He responds to simple verbal commands and uses simple expressions, such as shaking his head to express rejection or waving his hand to bid farewell, and trying to say the words that the parents say.
- Cognitive Development: He is able to use objects correctly, such as using the brush to comb hair and drink from the cup, and follows simple directions such as carrying the doll.
- Motor development: He can walk with furniture, walk a few steps without support, and may stand up and sit without help.
Year and a half
- Social development: He likes to pass things around to others to play, shows his love to familiar people, and makes a sign to show others interesting things.
- Language development: He uttered several single words, pronouncing the word no, shaking his head to express it, and pointing to show his desire to get something.
- Cognitive Development: He knows what familiar things like mobile phone and spoon, and cares about dolls and stuffed animals, and starts typing scribbles of his own, and can follow the orders of verbal one-step, such as sit.
- Motor development: He can walk alone, he can climb the stairs and run, drink with the cup and eat with a spoon.
Two years
- Social development: He imitates other people, is excited when he is with other children, becomes more independent, and may do what he is asked not to do.
- Language development: He knows the names of his close associates as well as the parts of his body. He can pronounce sentences of two to four words, follow simple commands, and repeat the words he hears frequently in conversations.
- Cognitive Development: It starts with a particular hand and can follow two-step orders, such as carry your shoes and place them in the cabinet. It also names things in books, such as a cat, a dog, and a bird.
- Motor development: He can stand on his toes, start jogging, and can kick the ball.
Three years
- Social development: Is committed to his role during the game, and can show interest to a friend cry, and can be separated from the parents easily, and also to wear and take off alone.
- Language development: He can follow the two- or three-step orders, he can name most familiar things, and he can understand words like in, under, and under, and he can say his first name, age, gender, and friend’s name. To crowds like dogs and cats, and can chat with two or three sentences.
- Cognitive Development: It can handle games made of buttons or moving parts, and can solve a puzzle of 3 or 4 pieces, as well as the ability to copy a circle using a pencil or color, and flip one page of the book each time.
- Motor development: He can climb and run easily, he can ride a three-wheel bike, and climb up and down the stairs with only one foot at each grade.