Definition of cardiac puncture in children
The heart hole is defined as an abnormal birth hole. The heart hole is divided into two parts: an aortic hole and a ventral hole. The atrial hole is defined as a hole in the wall separating the aorta, the two upper chambers of the heart. The ventral hole has the same definition, but the two chambers are inferior, and this type is the most common defects in the heart in terms of common.
How the heart works
The work of the heart ensures that the blood loaded with nutrients and oxygen in the body is fully functioning properly. The heart is divided into two parts, where the blood coming from the organs and tissues enters the right part of the heart, which in turn pumps it into the lungs, which remove the waste from the carbon dioxide from the blood and oxygenate it. Then the blood that has become rich in oxygen enters the left side of the heart, which in turn pumps it to all parts of the body, including the heart muscle itself.
Symptoms of atrial heart hole in children
The location and size of the hole determines the quality of the symptoms that the child has. Most children look healthy without any symptoms, but children with large holes and those who are difficult to develop may have some of the following symptoms:
- Weak growth.
- Weakness in appetite.
- Pulmonary problems and infections, including pneumonia.
- Shortness of breath.
Doctors recommend treating this hole at an early age because the complications may appear after a while, including problems in blood pumping and atrial fibrillation. This hole may occur alone, or may be associated with another congenital heart defect. Women are twice as likely as males, but doctors do not know why.
Symptoms of ventricular puncture in children
Heart failure usually causes no symptoms and may block spontaneously. As with children with atrial heart failure, the risk of ventricular puncture in children depends on the location and size of the hole. Older children, adolescents who do not block the hole, or have small holes, usually only have a heart attack, but they should keep checking with their doctor regularly to make sure there are no other problems.
The ventricles are medium and large in size and lead to clear symptoms in infants, including:
- Breathing accelerates .
- Easy to feel tired with breastfeeding , The baby may start crying or sweating with breastfeeding.
- Do not increase weight naturally , Where the child’s weight gain is slow.
These signs indicate that the hole will not close on its own, and that it is necessary to perform a heart attack to close it, which usually takes place during the first three months of the baby’s life; to prevent complications.
How to diagnose the atrial heart hole in children
The cardiac puff, caused by the hole, is a sign of its presence. Atrial fibrillation is not always diagnosed as early as in ventricular puncture. If the doctor suspects the presence of this hole, the following tests will often be requested:
- Chest X-ray of chest (X-ray), which produces a picture of the heart and organs around it.
- Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram), which uses sound waves to create a picture of the heart, and to see blood flow through the heart chambers.
- Electrocardiogram (Electrocardiogram), which records the heart’s electrical activity.
How to diagnose ventricular heart hole in children
The ventricular heart hole in children is diagnosed as X-ray of the heart, as well as the electrical outline of the heart. It is also added in the case of cardiac ventricular heart catheterization, which is also used to close certain ventricular holes. The heart catheter gives information about blood pressure, heart structure, and blood oxygen levels in the heart chambers. This is usually done when more information is needed, as well as other tests.
Treatment of atrial heart hole
The treatment of this condition depends on the child’s symptoms, age, and overall health, as well as the severity of the condition. Treatment options include:
- The most commonly used treatment is surgical treatment, to close the hole.
- Drug therapy, although many children do not have any symptoms, but some of them need medication. For example, some patients may need a diuretic to help the kidneys get rid of excess fluid.
Treatment of ventricular puncture
This condition is treated in many ways, including the following:
- The most commonly used treatment is surgical treatment.
- Drug therapy, to help the heart work in children with symptoms.