Glucose and insulin
Blood contains one type of sugars, which is called glucose, and carbohydrates are the main source of this type of sugars. Glucose is a major source of energy needed by the human body.
The human body contains a hormone called the hormone insulin. Insulin, which is secreted by the pancreas, regulates the level of glucose in the blood so that it remains within the appropriate limit so that it does not exceed the normal limits and not less. In the event of any defect in the secretion of insulin or respond to start Symptoms of diabetes.
Diabetes
Diabetes is defined as the accumulation of glucose in the blood at higher levels than normal due to a variety of reasons, and increase the level of sugar glucose in the blood lead to a range of health problems.
Types and spread of diabetes among children
Chronic diabetes is divided into two types:
- Type 1 Diabetes: The immune system attacks pancreatic cells that secrete insulin (called beta cells), leading to insulin production in the body. Thus, the cells of the body are unable to absorb glucose glucose due to the absence of insulin, which leads to accumulation in the blood.
- Type II Diabetes: In this body, the body loses its ability to respond to insulin (insulin resistance), which results in the accumulation of glucose in the blood. Over time, the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas also decreases, increasing the accumulation of sugar.
- It is noteworthy that the most common type of diabetes among children was previously the first type, it was even called the child’s diabetes, where it was believed that this is the only type of diabetes that affects children, but more recently began type II diabetes, Children and adolescents.
Symptoms of diabetes in children
There are a range of symptoms and indicators that indicate your child’s diabetes, the most important and most common are the following:
- Increase thirst and frequent urination in the child, where the accumulation of sugar in the blood to withdraw fluids from the tissues of the body, causing feeling thirst, and therefore frequent urination. In some cases, children who are trained to use the toilet may become involuntarily urinated.
- Severe hunger because of the inability of the tissues of the body to use sugar accumulated in the blood, and thus suffer from tissue deficiency of energy.
- Fatigue and lethargy.
- Discomfort and behavior change in the child; the child may suffer from mood disorders, and may adversely affect diabetes in the performance of the school.
- The smell of the same baby may be similar to that of the fruit, due to the accumulation of ketones.
- Vision disorder.
- Infections are innate, especially in females.
Complications of Diabetes
Diabetes may cause a range of complications, but these complications are not common in children and adolescents. Follow-up and control of the level of sugar in the blood during childhood are things that help to prevent or delay the occurrence of complications in the patient.
If you can not control the level of sugar within the normal limit, the patient is subject to one of the following complications:
Risk factors
There are a number of factors that may increase the risk of diabetes in children, including:
- Specific weight gain in the abdominal area, where increased fat tissue is associated with increased body resistance to insulin.
- Idle and physical inactivity.
- Genetics: A child’s risk of diabetes increases if there is a family history.
- Race: The rate of diabetes increases among people of African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, or Pacific Islander population. The cause of the spread of diabetes among these races is not yet known.
- Age and gender: Teenage girls are more adolescent than boys.
- Weight at birth and maternal injury with gestational diabetes, where it was found that the low weight of the child at birth, or the mother’s infection with gestational diabetes increases the likelihood of a child with type II diabetes.
Treatment of diabetes in children
The support and encouragement of family members is one of the most important components of diabetes treatment in children and adolescents. The supportive environment provides a positive feeling for the diabetic child and strengthens his commitment to the treatment program.
The treatment of diabetes in children is multifaceted, as the child needs to monitor the level of sugar in the blood daily, in addition to injecting insulin with attention when the need to change the dose. Exercise is also helpful in controlling blood sugar levels. A child with diabetes needs advice and advice on lifestyle changes to ensure the best possible therapeutic outcomes.
The risk of hypoglycemia, a drop in blood glucose levels below the normal level, may be a source of discomfort and anxiety for the patient and his / her health care providers. Acceptance, support and encouragement are helpful. To overcome any negative feelings.