Mucus and capillaries are present in the nose until they absorb dirt, contaminants and germs and prevent them from entering through the nose. As a result, the mucous membranes surrounding the nasal cavities inflate and inflame. As a result, the mucus accumulates and is not removed and discharged from the nose, thus becoming an appropriate environment for infection and bacterial proliferation. Sinusitis occurs. Sinusitis may be a short-term transient and may last for more than eight weeks. It may also turn from acute inflammation to chronic inflammation if it is not treated properly or if it is treated in part.
When sinusitis develops, it can damage the cilia, nasal capillaries and mucus so that it becomes easily contaminated and does not move easily and permanently as damage to the mucous membranes in the sinuses. Here, the damage always occurs so that the sinus infection is repeated from time to time and disappears and reappears. Either in the form of simple or severe symptoms. Surgery may be required.
There are several factors and causes of sinusitis, including: exposure to allergies, colds and tonsillitis, disorders of the body’s immune system and diseases such as AIDS contribute to the recurrence of this, cases of asthma, the incidence of warping nose barrier and others. The causes of infection here are usually bacteria, but in rare cases may be infected with the so-called (fungal ball) or the so-called inflammation of fungal pockets.
The symptoms of sinus infection are many, all may appear and some may appear, but it must be mentioned that the temperature does not rise from sinus infection, and these symptoms:
1. severe head and face pain, as well as swelling of the eyebrows and around the eyes and swelling of the cheeks and around the nose.
2. Upper jaw pain and teeth.
3. Nasal congestion and pain in the ears, and may suffer from the obstruction of the nose and difficulty breathing.
4. The person may feel nauseous, and may feel tired and nervous.
5. Sense of taste and smell may be disturbed.
6. Cough accompanied by phlegm.
Complications of sinusitis are serious, affecting the brain and may lead to meningitis, brain abscess, and others. It also affects the eye and leads to inflammation of the eyelids and other problems, and may have a localized effect, such as lead to inflammation of the bones of the face.
Treatment of sinusitis involves treating the causative agent and reducing the symptoms associated with inflammation. Antibiotics are usually used to kill the infection, such as: cephoraxim or amoxicillin and calcium sulfate. Clindamycin or metronidazole may be added to give a better result. Droplets or aerosols can be used to open the nose and may contain either sodium chloride or xylomethazoline. Some medications may be used as an antidepressant, and some medications may be given as steroids or as pills. The doctor may resort to surgery in some advanced cases.