Ovaries
Ovaries of the female reproductive system are found on both sides of the uterus (Uterus) in the pelvic cavity (pelvis). The most prominent function of the ovaries is the production of eggs (eggs), hormones (Estrogen) and Progesterone (hormone progesterone). These hormones control female body characteristics, menstrual cycle, and pregnancy.
Polycystic ovaries
Sometimes a bag or pocket appears abnormally inside or on the outside of the ovary; it is filled with a substance that is either liquid, gaseous, or semi-solid. This condition is known as Ovarian cysts. Tuberculosis is a common problem Among women, especially during the reproductive period, including pregnancy, and the size of the bags is small and large, but most of the time the size is small, and often tics are harmless, and disappear without resorting to medical treatments, but sometimes These capsules are large in size And painful and may not disappear on their own, and despite the scarcity of cancer in these polycystic, but the chance of appearance increases with the advancement of women age.
Types of ovaries
Different types of ovarian polycystic ovaries can be divided into two main types: functional cysts, which are associated with the monthly normal function of the ovary, the menstrual cycle, and the non-functional nonfunctional cysts.
Functional Types
Are common and harmless, and have two types:
- Cystic sachet: (Follicular cyst), the most common type of ovarian polycystic ovary. The follicle contains an egg that prepares to go out in the middle of the menstrual cycle towards the uterus. The follicle contains fluids that surround the egg to protect it. However, if the follicle does not release the egg or if the fluid does not get rid of the fluid and ruptures, the follicle continues to hold fluid and swells to be called the sac Follicle, which normally disappears within several weeks.
- Yellow body bag: (Corpus luteum cyst) is less common than the previous type. In fact, the yellow body is the tissue that the egg retains after it is released from the follicle naturally, but if the yellow body is filled with blood, it is called the yellow body bag and often disappears naturally Within a few months, but may suddenly rupture causing pain and internal bleeding.
Non-functional species
Also called pathological cysts, and may be harmless or malignant (Malignant), and include the following types:
- Skin cyst: Dermoid cysts is the most common non-functional type in women under 30 years of age. It usually contains different tissues such as hair, skin, teeth, Mainly because they are made up of embryonic cells, and they must be removed surgically.
- Glandular cystic tumor: (Cystadenomas). This type is spread in women over the age of 40 years. This type of outer cell that covers the ovary is produced. Some of these bags are filled with water fluids, others are filled with mucous material, and they must be removed surgically.
- Uterine endometrial tumor: (Endometriomas) This tumor occurs due to the endometriosis in which the uterus grows outside the uterus, and that the arrival of part of the lining of the ovary may form a sac called uterine uterine uterus.
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Polycystic ovary syndrome is a growth of a large number of small macrophages within the ovaries causing ovarian enlargement, and non-treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome may lead to infertility.
Symptoms of ovarian polycystic ovaries
The problem of polycystic ovaries often appears without any symptoms, and sometimes there may be symptoms that are similar to other health problems. Possible symptoms of ovarian neoplasms include:
- Occurrence of menstrual disorders plus pain.
- Pain in the pelvic area, which may extend to the lower back and thigh, and sometimes pain may appear before the beginning or end of the menstrual cycle.
- Pain during intercourse (Dyspareunia).
- Frequent need to remove stool, or feeling pain during the output.
- Feelings of breast tenderness, and nausea (Nausea).
- Abdominal bloating or abdominal pain.
- Feeling of the need to repeat urination or not to fully discharge the bladder (Bladder).
- Changes in the amounts of hormones produced which affect the growth of hair and mammals.
Treatment of ovarian capsules
There are a number of factors that help to determine the type of treatment needed, including: age of the patient, presence of symptoms, size of the cyst, and appearance of the cyst, and the treatments are divided into two basic types; surgical treatment and non-surgical (Nonsurgical treatment).
Non-surgical treatment
It includes the following treatments:
- Waiting for vigilance: (Watchful waiting). In this type of treatment, doctors only monitor the polycystic system without any intervention. Doctors prefer this treatment, especially in women who have not reached menopause, and the length of the cyst is 2-5 centimeters. (In English: Ultrasound scans).
- Pregnancy regulation pills: (Birth control pills) in order to reduce the formation of new future capsules during the menstrual cycle, and reduce the chance of Ovarian cancer.
Surgical treatment
Doctors resort to the option of surgery in some cases, including if the size of the cyst is large, or still exists for two or three menstrual cycles, or in the presence of symptoms of bronchitis, and there are two types of surgery for this purpose:
- Laparoscopy: A small incision is made. It is important to note that the patient does not need to remain in the hospital after the procedure. This process does not affect the fertility of the infected woman.
- Laparotomy: A large incision is made on pubic boundaries, so the patient needs to stay for at least two days in the hospital. This method is often used in the case of cancerous cyst. The cyst is sent to the laboratory for examination after removal. It is worth mentioning that in the case of cancerous cyst may require the patient to perform the eradication of some organs and tissues such as; uterus, and ovaries.
Complications of ovarian capsules
Although complications of ovarian complications are rare, they are considered somewhat serious if they occur.
- Cyst rupture: The rupture of the cyst inside the ovary can lead to severe pain and internal bleeding, which increases the chance of infection.
- Ovarian Torsion: Ovarian torsion occurs when a large ovarian cyst is forced to wrap and move from its normal position, thus reducing the flow of blood to the ovary and increasing the chance of tissue death if the problem is not treated.
- Cancer Cyst: Although most ovarian pap smears are benign, sometimes the doctor may notice a cancerous cystic ovarian mass.