Polycystic ovaries
Ovarian cysts are pockets of the ovaries, or on the surface or bags, which are usually filled with fluid, which are exposed to many women at some point. These bags may irritate the patient a little bit normally, or may be completely harmless, and Most cases of ovaries disappear on their own without any treatment within months, but there are some cases that cause serious symptoms, especially when the bags explode.
Pregnant women are often diagnosed with PCOS. Ovarian sores are a problem when they do not go alone, when the size of these bags increases, or when they become painful, and there are rare cases where these bags can become cancerous and the chance of cancer increases as women age. .
Symptoms of polycystic ovaries
In most cases of polycystic ovaries, no symptoms appear on the patient, but if the bags are large, the patient may suffer from the following symptoms:
- Pain in the pelvis: It is in the form of pain in the lower abdomen in the area where the bags are.
- Feel the weight of the abdomen and fill it.
- Abdominal distension.
- Feeling pain during sexual intercourse.
- Difficult to defecate.
- Irregular menstrual cycle: or blood may be falling during the menstrual cycle is heavier or lighter than usual.
- Frequent urination.
It should be noted that you should see your doctor immediately if the following symptoms occur:
- Feeling sharp and sudden pain in the pelvic area.
- Pain with high temperature.
- Empty with pain.
- Symptoms of the shock: the skin is cool and moist, and the sense of weakness and wasting, dizziness, rapid breathing.
Complications of polycystic ovaries
Complications that may occur as a result of the infection of the ovaries include the following:
- Blister ovary bag: An enlarged ovary sac can cause severe pain in the pelvic area, as well as internal bleeding. The larger the sac is, the greater the chance of explosion.
- Ovarian Torsion: Larger pockets can move the ovaries, increasing the chance of painful tingling of the ovaries, leading to a decrease or cutting of blood flowing into the ovaries. Symptoms of the ovarian torsion are sudden sharp pain in the pelvic area, nausea, and esophagus.
Risk factors for PCOS
The chance of ovarian sores increases in the following cases:
- Hormone problems include clomiphene, which stimulates fertility by stimulating ovulation.
- Pregnancy: Ovulation can be performed during pregnancy and the egg remains in the ovary.
- Endometriosis, where the lining of the uterus grows in this case outside the uterus, the endometrium can grow in the ovary.
- Previous incidence of PCOS.
- Pelvic infections: The spread of inflammation to the ovaries can lead to the formation of bags of ovaries.
Diagnosis of polycystic ovaries
Polycystic ovaries are usually diagnosed during pelvic examination. The doctor may ask for the following tests to determine the type of sachet, to choose the appropriate treatment according to the size of the sachet, and to know the contents of the sachet if it is liquid or solid or a combination of both:
- Pregnancy test: If the pregnancy test is positive, the corpus luteum cyst is likely to be present.
- Echocardiography of the basin: The area of uterus and ovaries is photographed using ultrasound to confirm the presence of bags on the ovaries, and to determine their location and content.
- Laparoscopy : By doing a small incision in the abdomen and the introduction of a small tool and light; where the doctor can detect the presence of bags on the ovaries and remove, it is worth mentioning that this procedure is an operation requiring anesthesia.
- Cancer antigen screening 125 in the blood: Cancer levels of the cancer antigen (CA-125) in the blood are usually elevated in women with ovarian cancer. The doctor requests this examination if the contents of the ovarian sac are partially solid and the woman has a risk of developing ovarian cancer. However, the levels of this protein may also increase in non-cancerous conditions, such as in the case of endometriosis, and in the case of fibroids Uterine fibroids, and Pelvic inflammatory disease.
Treatment of polycystic ovaries
The treatment depends on several factors, including the age of the patient, the type and size of the sachet and its contents, and the symptoms experienced by the patient, so the doctor chooses the appropriate treatment, and the available treatments are as follows:
- Wait with watch: The doctor may resort to waiting for the ovaries to disappear on their own within a few months. The waiting period will be with the re-examination of the patient. This method is chosen if the patient does not have any symptoms. If the echocardiography shows a small bag filled with fluid, The doctor arranges for the patient to follow the echocardiography procedure every period to see any change in the size of the sachet.
- Drug therapy: Your doctor may refer to hormonal contraceptives such as pregnancy pills to prevent recurrence of ovarian systèmes. Pregnancy pills do not shrink the size of the ovaries.
- Surgical treatment: The doctor may suggest a procedure to remove the ovarian syste if it is large, or if the ovarian sac is not a functional sac, and continues to grow during two or three cycles of menstruation, or if it causes pain to the patient. Postmenopausal bags.
In some cases, the doctor can remove the sac without the need to remove the ovary, but in other cases the doctor may have to remove the affected ovary and leave the other ovary intact. If the ovarian sac is a cancerous lump, the patient is referred to a female cancer specialist , In which case the doctor may have to remove the ovaries and fallopian tubes, uterus, and may also resort to the treatment of the patient chemotherapy or radiation.