Dengue fever
Dengue fever is a viral disease, transmitted to humans by mosquito bites. This virus is considered one of the most common viral diseases in this way. The source of this virus is the presence of this virus in a person. The virus then spreads to another person through mosquito bites, The insect is the vector of the disease, and the spread of this fever in areas with high population density.
The virus that causes this virus is yellowish virus, such as viruses of Western Nile, Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, and other diseases, and the virus dengue fever four types, and are arranged from 1 to 4, and vary where the geographical presence, but with In many of the world’s regions, Dengue is the most prevalent area of South-East Asia, as well as South and South America. Dengue fever has recently spread to the southern United States.
Methods of transmission of dengue fever
As mentioned above, dengue fever is transmitted to a person through a mosquito bites from the genus of the herpes, and is infected with the virus. These viruses acquire the virus by absorbing the blood of a person carrying the virus. The incubation period lasts 8 to 10 days and then becomes active in the body The virus is transmitted to the offspring of mosquitoes through the ovaries. Viruses remain in the offspring of mosquitoes. Here, the role of this process is shown to be transmitted by a vector medium. This medium is a mosquitoes, transmitted to the host to keep the virus in its blood.
Human is the main component of the virus responsible for its reproduction, which represents the role of emitter or source of viruses for mosquitoes that do not carry, and remains in the virus in the blood of infected for more than a week, and this is the most important characteristic of the virus dengue fever, and then the symptoms of fever appear on them after 7-8 days of the presence of the virus, so this period is good for mosquito insects to transmit infection, and some medical research shows that the monkeys have a role similar to mosquitoes in the transmission of the virus dengue fever.
Characteristics of dengue fever
Dengue fever is similar to influenza, where it affects children and adults, and rarely leads to death, and vary characteristics of dengue fever according to the age of the infected, and there are three types of dengue fever:
- Light fever: Sudden onset, causing severe fever, severe headache, feeling pain especially behind the eyes, joints, and spread rash on the skin of the injured person.
- Hemorrhagic fever: It is a double fever, which may cause death, and it is characterized by: It is a very severe fever, the liver becomes hypertensive in many of the infected, and accompanied by fever often high temperature rise, and a lot of symptoms similar to the symptoms of influenza known, and continue Fever usually lasts from two to seven days, and may reach a temperature of 41 degrees Celsius, with the possibility of emergence of convulsions.
- Normal conditions: All the symptoms that occur in hemorrhagic fever and light, and vice versa completely with the critical cases, decreases the temperature and approaches the normal range, and there are cases with low temperature with rotational failure, which may lead to a chronic trauma to the patient, may lead to the death Quickly within 12-24 hours, or the patient may be cured after treatment is appropriate to his condition.
Treatment of dengue fever
Medicine tells us that there is no specific treatment for dengue fever, but the services provided by the highly trained and skilled medical community have significantly reduced the mortality rate from 20% to less than 1%. The most important treatment methods for hemorrhagic dengue patients are maintaining the volume The blood that runs in their bodies.
There is no vaccine for dengue fever because creating a vaccine that fights dengue fever is difficult because any type of dengue virus is capable of producing dengue, so any vaccine manufacturing should be four-fold effective for these viruses. Adequate animal models, limited information about the minutes of the disease, and the response of costly immunosuppressive species make it difficult to create an effective vaccine to eliminate the dengue virus. However, modern medicine in this area is making significant progress. Struggles all kinds of p Dengue fever virus has already been introduced, and two vaccines have already been provided in the most affected countries, and other vaccines are in the initial development phase. WHO is providing the necessary support to stimulate and assist in the provision and processing of these vaccines through the provision of the necessary techniques and guidance And advice, such as: measuring the immunity and strength of these vaccines, and testing in places where the virus lives.
Prevention of dengue fever
- The only way to control or prevent dengue fever is to control the mosquitoes that transmit the virus. In the countries of South-East Asia and the Americas, insect pests are found in industrial containers, vats, industrial drums, cement tanks and plastic bags containing On the remains of food and food waste, and tire frames, and a lot of things that retain the remains of rainwater, and this type of mosquitoes in Africa and also significantly, and is located in the fluid, such as: trees, plants and branches interlaced and formed in the form of cups Where water is collected, and these vectors are combated through various environmental methods, as well as chemical methods.
- Properly dispose of solid waste, improve water storage methods, and cover containers so that mosquitoes do not lay eggs.
- Domestic control of mosquitoes, by spraying insecticides in various pots, such as water storage containers and others, which helps in the prevention of these insects for several weeks.
- Mosquitoes such as small fish and paddles, which is a good way to combat these insects.
- Governments and private agencies use pesticide spraying methods for mosquitoes that carry large amounts of dengue fever, including the use of large machinery and equipment to release pesticides in highly populated areas through trucks and aircraft, but the effect of this method is temporary and varied because the droplets used In this process, you can not enter small buildings and fluids containing adult mosquitoes. These methods are also expensive and difficult to implement. Avhh, and along with these efforts should the concerned authorities to monitor this insect vectors by monitoring a swarm of mobile mosquitoes from place to place, in order to identify the places of containment, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of control programs applied to them.