the heat
The heat in chemistry and physics is a form of energy that is accompanied by the movement of molecules or atoms or any particle involved in the synthesis of matter, and generates heat through nuclear reactions such as nuclear fusion occurring in the sun, and movement such as friction parts of machines, and electromagnetic radiation, Electromagnetic stoves, and chemical reactions such as combustion.
Thermometer
- Unit Calvin: It is a measurement that is widely used in the measurement of temperature by the global system (SI). It is a measure of great use in all fields of science. It is used in the calculation of temperature ratios, which is named after the British engineer and physicist Lord Kelvin.
- Fahrenheit unit F: Is a standard only in the United States of America, named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit.
- Unit of C: Is a major measure adopted in everyday life in most countries of the world. It was named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Salzius, who proposed that the degree of zero be identical to the freezing of water, and that the boiling point corresponds to the hundred in 1747 and is used in the field of weather forecasts.
Conversion between temperatures
Conversion from KW to C or vice versa:
The relationship between them is fixed so it is enough to add a certain fixed number to the percentage degree in order to obtain the cost, and put the same fixed number of the cost to get the percentage, the number is 273 be as follows:
- Calvin =% 2773.
- Percentage = Calvin-273.
Switch from Fahrenheit to Celsius or vice versa:
Switching from Fahrenheit to Celsius is harder than costing. It depends on the subtraction process, so a calculator is needed:
- Centigrade = (Fahrenheit -32) 1.8 1.8.
- Fahrenheit = (cent × 1.8) +32.
Methods of heat transfer
- Plug: Energy travels through good conductors quickly, mainly through the exchange of free electrons as well as the collisions of molecules or atoms and the exchange of atoms.
- Radiation: The heat passes in the vacuum without the center having any role, such as: the spread of the sun’s rays and reaching the earth.
- Pregnancy: Is the way in which heat travels in gases and liquids. If a liquid or gas is heated, it expands, rises up, decreases its density, and the coldest liquid or gas falls to its place.
Temperature related definitions
| Concept | the definition |
|---|---|
| Fahrenheit ladder | It is slightly used for scientific purposes. It is an ancient English system where it is given a degree of 32 ° for ice and 212 ° for evaporation |
| Selcius ladder | Also known as temperature centimeter, a standard scale temperature scale, similar to the absolute temperature ladder, but gives zero to the freezing point and 100 ° C for evaporation |
| Absolute temperature ladder | Used in the study of thermodynamics or thermodynamics, a standard temperature scale using a Kelvin unit |
| Fixed point | Is a temperature at which significant changes occur within specific conditions and can be given a value for which all other temperatures are measured |