Sugar
Sugar is an indispensable nutrient. Sugar is available in white, which we see as shiny white crystals. Sugar is a vegetable source. It is made from sugar cane, beet or sugar beets, and until white sugar is made, it must pass through stages. Many of the cane cultivation and extraction and separation of impurities and purification to the stage of refining from brown to white, which is common among all countries of the world.
The stages of the white sugar industry
Extraction of raw sugar
The first stage is the acquisition of raw sugar from plants. Sugarcane is considered the main source of sugar. It can be cultivated in warm areas with abundant water. After harvesting the reed in very large quantities, it must be washed with water and cut into small pieces, and then crushed and grinded with grinding machines Especially for the juice of cane, it is worth mentioning that sugar juice contains impurities such as dust, and some small leaves, as well as fiber from the core of reed, so it is necessary to clean the reed juice of impurities.
The stage of cleaning raw sugar juice from impurities (carbonization)
It is an important stage to get rid of impurities, by deposition of impurities, which is added lime milk or lime lime powder and chemically called calcium hydroxide. When mixing lime with raw diabetic fluid, carbon dioxide is pumped to react with the lime, producing a waxy material that attracts impurities , Purifies the liquid and changes its color slightly, and pumped through the filter until separated wax material sticking to the impurities from the raw liquid and become ready for the next stage.
Phase relief and remove brown
The raw diabetic fluid passes through carbonated granules in a filter made of carbon columns that remove dark brown. When the carbon end is finished, it is stimulated again to activate it and remove brownish color.
Evaporation and crystallization
The diabetic fluid is purified once again by evaporation to become a thick compound by exposing it to steam up to 80 degrees. Then, it is placed in a very large container to be boiled again with steam stirring to crystallize the crystals. Also, sugar dust is added to form sugar crystals. On a concentrated mixture of low-cohesive crystals that still contains water and therefore the crystals must be separated from the liquid.
Phase separation and drying
After crystallizing the sugar crystals must be separated, by placing concentrated concentrated sugar juice in the crystals in a centrifuge; This phase aims to reduce the largest proportion of water or moisture, so the liquid passes more than once to the device to extract the largest proportion of crystals, and after The humidity index is one percent subject to the drying stage, passing hot air to get rid of the moisture, resulting in brown sugar that must be refined to obtain white sugar.
Refining phase
The stages we mentioned in the method of manufacturing raw sugar are similar in the way brown sugar is refined to obtain white sugar, but at this stage the brown sugar crystals are mixed with a hot sugar liquid called magma, and placed in a centrifuge again, added to calcium hydroxide, The carbon columns back up to soften the brown color, then are fumigated and softened to obtain white-colored sugary crystals and then stored in large silos.