Where is the thyroid gland located?
The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and surrounds the airway below the larynx
What hormones do you produce?
The thyroid hormones are T4 (Thyroxine), (T3). These hormones are stimulated by TSH, which is produced by the pituitary gland.
What is thyroid dysfunction in children?
Thyroid diseases are the most common endocrine diseases in children, and the functions of the thyroid gland is divided into two types of rhesus:
- Either there is a congenital or acquired deficiency, and congenital insufficiency is that the child is born without thyroid gland or without thyroid gland is disabled due to cases leading to failure in the formation of hormones, the effectiveness of receptors or receptors these hormones
- The cases of hypothyroidism acquired most of them result from an immune disorder attacks the thyroid gland in the child and the most important Hashimoto thyroid disease in the child and the most important disease Hashimoto Hashimoto’s disease and there are other cases resulting from exposure to the neck area of radiation or take some treatments
What are the symptoms of thyroid dysfunction in children?
The main point in the symptoms and appearance of the disease depends entirely on the speed of early diagnosis and treatment for newborns, where they avoid the disease of malice or mingling Cretinism
Symptoms of the disease range from (mental retardation, shortness of stature, swelling and protrusion of the tongue, hernia in the navel, dryness and skin flaking, constipation and cold intolerance)
As for the rest of the children, the symptoms of hypothyroidism during childhood are varied, including hyperthyroidism, stress, fatigue, drowsiness, forgetfulness and lack of concentration, weight gain despite poor appetite, dry skin, cold intolerance, numbness in the limbs and delay in signs Puberty.
How we can diagnose the disease?
- Clinical examination and taking the full pathology of the patient from the parents
- Laboratory blood tests:
-
- FT3, FT4 assays of thyroid hormones
- The pituitary gland stimulates the thyroid gland in the case of a TSH node or tumor
- Antibodies against thyroid gland, the most important of which is ATPO, which diagnoses Hashimoto’s disease
- Sonar Thyroid
- Thyroxin Thyroxin
- Take a biopsy of the thyroid gland if there is a knot or infertility
Treatment of hypothyroidism:
- Thyroxin treatment
- Surgical surgical treatment in case of tumors or contractions in the thyroid gland