The adrenal gland or suprarenal gland is called a silent gland, which produces its hormones in the blood directly without the need for channels dedicated to it, which is known as its name located above the kidneys, and consists of the cortex (Cortex) and pulp (Medulla).
The inner part of the adrenal or adrenaline, or epinephrine, secretes the hormone adrenaline (Noraderanaline), known as the light Norepinephrine, and secretes these hormones when exposed to human For emergencies and during the presence of the danger so that the human interaction with the situation that is exposed to it.
The cortex or the outer part of the adrenal gland is divided into 3 layers, the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer, each of which produces certain hormones. The outer layer secrete the aldosterone hormone, which is responsible for regulating the level or ratio of water and sodium In the body . And the middle layer produces hormones, including Cortisol (Cortisol), which is one of the most important hormones of the adrenal cortex, which causes multiple diseases and complex, while the secretion of the inner layer of sex hormones, most of them male hormones known as Androgens (Androgens) and a certain amount of Estrogen, and these hormones are important in order to give the sexual characteristics of males and females.
Adrenal gland functions are as follows:
1. Increases blood sugar, as it contributes to the conversion of glycogen (glucose) to glucose (glucose).
2. Increases the amount of blood pumped into the body by increasing the number of heart beats.
3. Increases respiratory rate in order to supply the blood with sufficient oxygen to transport it to the body parts.
4. Extend blood vessels in the skin and muscles until enough blood is reached.
5. Increases the constriction of capillaries and blood vessels in emergency situations in order to increase blood pressure to deliver adequate blood to the body.