The pituitary is one of the most important glands in the body, because it serves as the main regulator of the functions of other glands distributed in the regions of the body in general, which is called the “Maestro glands”. The pituitary gland is located inside a bone cavity in the skull of the person below the brain in an area called the Turkish saddle. The pituitary gland consists of three main parts: the frontal lobe of the anterior pterygium, the posterior lobe, the posterior plexus, and the midriff.
The frontal lobe and the central secretion of a number of important hormones in the body, such as growth hormone, milk hormone “Prolactin” and thyroid hormone, as well as the hormone directed to peel the adrenal and the hormone stimulant and follicle and melatonin, and the back lobe of the pituitary gland secretion of hormones anti-diuretics and oxytensin.
Growth hormone plays a large role in the human body, so any increase in secretion of the gland may cause the gigantic, ie, the magnitude of the body, and excessive increase in length, and if increased before puberty, it leads to increase the size of the limbs, “hands and feet” without the whole body, As well as if less secretion, it leads to chronic or lack of excessive height in the person.
Proactin is a hormone that works on the secretion of milk from the breast of a nursing woman, but increasing it in girls may lead to delayed pregnancy or permanent infertility. If there is an increase in men, it increases the size of their breasts As well as erectile dysfunction and lack of sperm production in the testicles.
The causes of the disease leading to the lack of secretion of milk hormone in both sexes: the eradication of the pituitary gland, the use of drugs to stimulate dopamine, in addition to the physiological reasons such as sexual contact or pregnancy or frequent sleep or breastfeeding or the result of mental disorders such as anxiety and nervousness and tension. The reasons that increase prolactin secretion are: Polycystic ovaries, renal or hepatic failure, oral contraceptives, thyroid disorders, and some medications such as stress inhibitors, antidepressants, morphine or pituitary tumors.
There are symptoms that appear on the female and indicate the increased secretion of prolactin, including: menstrual disorder, loss of sexual desire, dry genital canal, weak ovulation, osteoporosis, non-functional vaginal bleeding, premature aging, milk flow from the breasts at the unborn, Strength, as well as pressure on the optic nerves and a defect in vision.