Symptoms and signs appear since birth, and there are four possible cases resulting from the deletion of the genes responsible for the production of the alpha series:
• If there is no deletion of one gene from the four genes there are no symptoms and signs
• If there is a deletion of two genes, the patient shows symptoms and signs of mild anemia as in beta-thalassemia minor.
• If there is deletion of three genes showing the patient symptoms and signs of anemia and the average symptoms of break red blood cells such as blistering and enlargement of the liver and spleen, which produces a new type of hemoglobin H Hemoglobin H, a component of four beta series (β4) It is similar in its symptoms and signs to beta-thalassemia.
• If there is deletion of four genes, the fetus dies in the womb of the mother as a result of severe ascites of the body where the hemoglobin BART consists of four gamma chains (44)
1. Oxford handbook of clinical medicine 8th edition
2. Dvidson’s principles and practice of medicine 21st edition
3. illustrated texte of pediatrics -Tom lissauer, Graham Clayden 3rdedition