Diagnosis of lupus erythema
According to the American College of Rheumatology, there are eleven criteria for the diagnosis of SLE (based on clinical examination as well as laboratory tests), according to the College, the existence of four or more criteria is a diagnosis of the disease. The first criterion is a rash: a butterfly in the face, on the cheeks and nose bridge without nasolabial fold, and the second criterion is the discoid rash, which is accompanied by scaly and has the advantage of leaving The third criterion is the sensitivity to the direction of light, either the complaint of the patient or the clinical examination, and the fourth criterion is the presence of ulcers in the mouth and be painless, and observed by the doctor at the examination, and the fifth criterion is the presence of arthritis, which is characterized by non-Takli, It affects two or more joints, and appears in the form of pain in the joint, swelling and edema PVC with fluid pool.
The sixth criterion is inflammation of the lining of the membranes of the lining (serositis), either the inflammation of the surrounding membrane around the lungs (pleuritis) and resulting in the pericarditis or inflammation of the surrounding pericarditis (Pericarditis) and resulting changes in ECG and filtration, and the seventh standard Is the effect of the kidneys and the effect either be in the form of the presence of protein in the urine with a concentration greater than 0.5 g / dL or the appearance of red blood cells or hemoglobin (hemoglobin) in the urine, and the eighth criterion is the impact of the nervous system and is either to be in the form of spasms with There are no secondary causes, such as medications taken by the patient or an imbalance Concentration of salts in the blood, or in the form of neuropsychiatric without any secondary causes.
The ninth criterion is the effect of blood tests, namely hemolytic anemia, with the presence of reticellocytes, leukopenia, less than 4000 per cubic mm in two or more different tests, and lymphocytic deficiency
(lymphopenia) and less than 1500 per cubic mm in two different tests or more, and lack of platelets (thrombocytopenia) and less than 100000 per cubic mm without secondary causes of this decrease, and the tenth criterion is the presence of immune effects and the presence of one of three bodies The second is the presence of antibodies against an antigen called smith (anti-smith), the third is the presence of antibodies, Anti-phospholipid antibodies, which are made up of antibodies against anticardiolipin and antibodies called anticoagulant antibodies. The eleventh and final criterion is the existence of a titer of antibodies against the nucleus of the body’s cells called ANA (antinuclear antibodies)
• SLE is an autoimmune disease that affects connective tissue, thus affecting many of the body’s organs, including joints, skin, nervous system, kidneys, heart and lungs.
• A disease that affects females more than males, and peaks in the second and third decades of age, and spreads in Spain, Italy and the Caribbean.
• The most important factors that lead to the disease is the genetic predisposition of the infection in addition to exposure to antigens and the formation of antibodies and immune compounds that attack the tissues of the body and cause inflammation.
The symptoms and signs of the disease vary according to the affected body, and the symptoms and signs of the joints and skin are the most common is the arthritis and the emergence of skin rash on areas exposed to the sun, and the injury of the nervous system is convulsions and headaches in addition to the change of mental state of mental disorders such as psychosis and depression. The injury of the kidneys is kidney inflammation or nephrotic syndrome, and lung injury is mainly in the inflammation of the membrane of the lungs and resulting in the leakage, and the heart is the inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart, and inflammation of the heart muscle and resulting in heart deficit and irregularity in Heart rate, heart attack inflammation.
• Diagnosis is the occurrence of four or more of the 11 criteria set by the American College of Rheumatology, and the criteria are based on the clinical examination of the patient in addition to laboratory tests, which include examination of blood cells and antibodies.
• The advice to be given in the case of illness is to identify the patient and his family disease and side effects of medicine, avoid exposure to the sun and ultraviolet radiation and the use of sun protectors, and avoid overcrowded places for infection, and women should avoid contraceptive pills to prevent deterioration of the situation.
• Treatment includes anti-inflammatories and topical analgesics, and the use of steroid, the main treatment of the disease in addition to the use of immunosuppressants, especially in active cases of the disease. Antimalarial agents and biological agents are also used in this disease. Intravenous antibodies are used to exchange blood plasma in cases of bleeding in the lungs.
• Alternative medicine treatment using flax seeds, fish oils and omega-3, the use of Chinese herbs, the use of herbs rich in gamma linolenic acid such as spring flower oil and raisin oil. Avoid fatty meat and avoid peanuts and milk.