Genetic mutation
Mutation is a matter that scientists are interested in and study continuously because it affects humans such as cancer, and mutation is a result in the change of pigment, which results in the emergence of new qualities different from parents, and usually mutation occurs either in the body tissue or reproductive tissue, and to this day The cause of the mutation has not been known, but scientists have suggested it could be from parents who have been treated with X-ray or radium, ultraviolet radiation, some chemicals and sometimes the environment itself, leading to chromosomal abnormalities or chemical changes.
How the genetic mutation occurs
The boom occurs on two levels:
- Chromosomes: This type of mutations is the result of a sudden change in the number of chromosomes and changes in its natural system. It is known that the chromosome is a rodent structure located in the nucleus of the cell and consists of proteins and RNA deficient. These chromosomes carry genetic traits and are transmitted from parents to If these chromosomes are impaired, the mutation is passed on to the children, but so far the cause of the mutation has not been known.
- Chemical change is a chemical change in the genes in terms of the arrangement of the nitrogen bases found in the DNA molecule, which eventually leads to the formation of a different enzyme altogether, leading to the emergence of new traits did not exist in the parents, also known as genetic mutation.
It is known that if an organism mutates on a specific cell that is not transmitted to future generations, if a genetic mutation occurs in a sexual cell, it is transmitted to the offspring.
Not all mutations are harmful. Mutations are necessary, which in turn act on the evolution of the living organism, and the mutation has factors that cause them, which are due to external factors such as exposure to ultraviolet radiation or nuclear radiation, or are internal factors of the instability of chemical and physical composition and factors Many more, the mutation is the result of imbalance in the order of amino acids and this imbalance can occur in one cell or in all cells of the body and that the defect exists in the egg in the female or sperm in the man, and moves this boom to the son shows some changes to Child as a result of the occurrence of this boom.