Diabetes
It is a disease in which blood sugar levels are very high and is a widespread disease in most countries of the world, a defect occurs in the pancreas gland one of the most important endocrine and its main function is concentrated on the secretion of insulin in the blood to regulate the process of burning sugar and entry into muscle molecules, Sugar is an important source of energy in the body and the disease occurs due to dysfunction of the pancreas affects the secretion of insulin in the blood and thus affect the metabolism, ie, the inability of the cells of the body and muscles to absorb the sugar present with blood, and then increase blood sugar, Energy We need insulin from external sources such as syringes, or capsules. The disease affects most groups of society, including children, young people, adults and women.
Causes of Diabetes
- Obesity: Medical studies have shown that there is a link between weight gain and the intake of calories significantly and diabetes, where eating too much to the inability of cells to secrete insulin to burn these substances and converted to energy, and thus the emergence of symptoms and diabetes, Weight gainers to reduce their weight in order to maintain their health so as not to fall prey to this chronic disease.
- Genetics: There are many families that inherit this disease from generation to generation. Scientists have tried to find out the causes but have not yet been able to reach them or know what may increase the likelihood of infection.
- Age or Age Factor: Studies have shown that as people age, they become susceptible to diabetes.
- Slow beta cell function and damage; as a result of a non-visible viral infection.
- A pancreatic problem, such as being infected or removed for some reason, causes the onset of diabetes.
Types of diabetes
Insulin-dependent diabetes
- This disease comes from childhood, as the patient is remarkably thin, and suffers from significant damage in beta cells due to the immune system of the body of beta cells, which leads to high sugar significantly scientists did not know the real reason behind attacking the immune system of beta cells, Does not respond to insulin tablets, and the patient when taking the needles of insulin may enter the absence of falling or high sugar.
Symptoms:
- Durable thirst and there is constant recurrence of urine.
- There is a blurring of vision.
- Large loss of weight.
- The desire to eat a lot.
- Idle and extreme weakness of the body.
- The appearance of acetone in the urine.
Insulin-dependent diabetes
- This type of diabetes usually comes after the age of forty years, and the patient is overweight (infected with obesity), and beta cells are in good condition, but insulin decreases the proportion of its presence in the body, but tablets for this type of disease are useful and respond to the body, It is easily controlled and does not show fluctuations in the patient.
Symptoms:
- Thirst and frequent urination.
- Weakness of vision.
- Infections in the urinary tract.
- Tingling and tingling in the lower and upper limbs.
- Fatigue, fatigue and general weakness in the body.
Methods of analysis of blood glucose levels
- The use of a device and blood sugar analysis strips is accurate and is used anywhere in the home for example or at work and the patient himself can measure sugar alone.
- This type is used in medical laboratories, and this type is one of the best and most accurate methods of analysis. The analysis works cumulatively to show blood glucose levels for several months, or measured for a short period of time.
Types of sugar analysis
- Random analysis of sugar This type of analysis is not at a certain time but comes suddenly and gives only an idea of the levels of sugar in the blood.
- Analysis of sugar for the fasting person This analysis of the fasting patient for eight hours and the normal level of sugar in this analysis of 70-110 mg per 100 ml per liter of blood, and here we clarify that if the ratio is more than 120 there is a possibility of diabetes in the future and if it reached 130, Sugar and to be sure that the tests must be repeated more than once at the earliest time intervals.
- The analysis of sugar after two hours of eating, and this analysis gives me an idea of the speed of the body’s response to burn blood sugar if the rate exceeded two hours after eating the meal 140 This gives us an indication that there is a defect in the return of sugar to normal.
- Analysis of fructozamine is one of the most accurate medical tests that give an idea of the proportion of blood sugar levels for 15 to 20 days.