Hernia
It is the appearance of an internal organ in the abdomen to the outside, through weakness in the muscles or membranes surrounding the member to appear as a hump or cam under the skin. In the normal state, the abdominal wall consists of several layers starting from the skin, then the fatty tissue, then the muscles, and then the internal tissues are all cohesive to keep the internal organs in place. When there is weakness in the abdominal wall muscles for any reason some internal organs are often part of the intestine From crossing through it, the hernia is divided according to its inception into two main parts:
- Congenital hernia is called primary, and this type exists in the patient since birth.
- This is a type of hernia that occurs at different stages of the human life, usually due to causes such as: hernia after pregnancy and delivery, or increased abdominal pressure such as severe constipation, chronic cough, or lifting of heavy objects , A significant increase in weight or after surgery, especially if the wound was inflamed after the operation.
Types of hernia
The hernia is divided into several types according to its location, and often occurs in the abdomen from the bottom of the rib cage to the end of the basin and these most common types:
- Erythematous hernia : A hernia in the pubic area above the inner thigh, usually affects men more than women, and the hernia sac consists mostly of part of the small intestine in addition to surrounding adipose tissue, and has two types direct and indirect.
- Femoral hernia : It occurs near the area of the hernias, but down and out slightly, injuring women more than men.
- Secret hernia : It occurs in the area of the navel or around, and usually occurs after pregnancy and childbirth, and affects men also in the case of high abdominal pressure.
- Hernia : Occurs when a part of the stomach rush to the chest through weakness on the diaphragm, usually does not cause symptoms except heartburn.
- Surgical hernia : A hernia that occurs at the site of the operation wound, and increases the likelihood of occurrence when injury wound infections.
- Hernia hernia : Usually since birth is the exit of one of the members of the abdomen to the chest causes pressure on the members of the rib cage causes problems in breathing the heart.
Causes of hernia
The hernia often results from increased pressure on the abdomen, or due to a congenital defect in the abdominal wall and diaphragm. These are some of the causes that can cause hernia:
- obesity.
- Weight lifting, or weight-bearing.
- Chronic cough.
- Stress with urination or defecation due to chronic constipation.
- The fluid collects in the abdomen.
- Peritoneal dialysis.
- Peritoneal ventricular septum.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Family history of hernia.
- Perform abdominal operations.
Symptoms and problems of hernia
For an adult, he complains of a painful swelling that can be returned to the abdomen in the area where the hernia is present, and increases when walking or carrying heavy objects or if he has cough or constipation. It can become painful if the arteries feeding the area to pressure, and pain and swelling disappear at Lying and sleeping, and in the case of children repeated crying children from pain and then the mother notes the presence of this tumor.
As for the diaphragm hernia, the patient usually complains of acidity of the esophagus accompanied by chest pain and repeated pneumonia and shortness of breath. The complications that may result from hernia are:
- Frequent pain.
- Hernia and lack of return of the contents into the abdomen.
- Choking of the hernia means that the intestines inside the hernia are blocked.
- A diaphragm hernia may lead to esophageal ulcers and difficulty in swallowing food and if neglected may lead to bleeding from the pharynx.
Diagnosis of hernia
The disease is usually diagnosed because of the obvious symptoms on the patient and the doctor to perform some of the following tests:
- The sick history of the patient or the patient’s parents if the patient is a child or a young person.
- Clinical examination by the specialist doctor, and this leads to diagnosis in cases of hernias, umbilical hernia and surgical hernia.
- Diagnosis of the diaphragm hernia requires the operation of chest rays where it is possible to see part of the stomach in the chest compressor on the lung and to confirm the diagnosis needed to operate a telescope for the esophagus and stomach.
Herniated treatment
The treatment of the final hernia is performed by surgery, which is one day operations meaning that the patient enters the hospital in the morning and undergoes the operation and after he awakes from the binge and monitors for several hours the patient is sent home after that, in the case of a simple abdominal hernia, as for things that help not return the hernia Again they are changing lifestyle and reducing the factors causing the hernia.