Blood gases are three gases:
Nitrogen gas (N-)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Oxygen gas (O2)
Carbon dioxide and its normal blood concentration from 33 mm to 45 mm and varies according to body characteristics, age and sex, is produced by the body’s metabolism and is eliminated by the kidneys in the form of bicarbonate salts, which is the largest percentage of carbon dioxide not as expected. The largest proportion is discharged through the lungs and respiratory tract.
Oxygen gas and its concentration in the blood from 85 mm to 105 mm and varies according to the characteristics of the body, age and sex, and is important to complete the processes of oxidation and access to energy necessary and necessary for the body and the lack of availability abundantly increase the concentration of hydrogen gas, which leads to increased acidity in the blood and loss of consciousness and all this The reason for the lack of energy phosphorus materials in the body.
The importance of measuring gases in the blood to test the acidity and partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide lies in the knowledge of respiratory diseases and heart disease and heart muscle and take blood to measure only from blood oxygenated arterial and to measure the carbon dioxide taken from the venous blood coming from the lung must be observed not to exist Air bubbles when pulling the sample, and not using a compression strap.
Methods of measurement of arterial blood gases are:
1) partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) and measures the pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.
2) The partial pressure of the oxygen measures the oxygen pressure in the arterial blood and the pressure is usually high.
3) pH of the blood (pH): to measure the pH and related to the amounts of hydrogen ions present in the blood.
4) O2 saturation: to measure the hemoglobin that carries oxygen in the blood cells.
5) Bicarbonate (HCO3): A compound in the blood that maintains pH.
The objectives of the measurement are to evaluate the diseases of pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis and all lung diseases, and to ascertain the need for adequate oxygen in addition to the diagnosis of acid and alkaline problems in the body that cause lung diseases, kidneys, diabetes and gastrointestinal infections.
The risk of testing for arterial blood gases is low, but caution should be taken against bleeding under the skin. To avoid it, cotton is pressed for at least five minutes after the sample is taken. The test may lead to rare cases of artery blockage.