the blood
Blood is a connective tissue composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets, which is very necessary for living organisms. There is no life without it. Blood is eight percent of the body mass. If a person’s mass is one kilogram, Blood, about five liters, and the blood functions many, we will talk about in this article, in addition to talk about red blood cells, and white blood cells.
Blood functions
- Defending the body: By producing antibodies that fight germs, and get rid of attacking microbes, which cause many diseases.
- Water balance in the body: Blood stores the water balance in the body by transferring excess water from the gastrointestinal tract, removing it through the skin in the form of a sweat, or through the kidneys in the form of urine.
- Regulating body temperature: Through sweat secretion to moisturize the skin, or by increasing the burning of blood sugar in order to generate energy, and raise body temperature.
- Stop bleeding By plates that block the blood route temporarily, and then produce elements that help heal the wounds.
- Material Delivery: Such as oxygen, fluids, food, hormones, vitamins for all organs, then return with carbon dioxide, and food residues after being converted into energy in the body with some other substances released by cells.
Red blood cells
Red blood cells are disciform, double-sided cells characterized by a flexible cellular membrane that allows it to pass through even the narrowest capillaries. It arises from the red bone in large bones. It regenerates every 120 days, then breaks down in the liver, spleen, And the red color to the presence of hemoglobin, which is the function of the transfer of oxygen gas from the lungs, and replaced with carbon dioxide, and control the kidneys build red blood cells through a hormone called the name of Erytropoetin, which depends on the secretion of partial pressure of oxygen In the blood.
White blood cells
White blood cells are cells that protect the body from disease, and are less than red blood cells, where every seven hundred and fourteen red ball white ball, which is different sizes and shapes, and contains one nucleus, in addition to the largest red blood cells, and ranges Between 5000 and 1000 cells per cubic millimeter, which is one of the most important ways to defend the antigens in the body, and the number of cases of exposure to diseases, and white blood cells five types: acidic, neutral, and basic, and lymphatic, and the only.
White blood cells are divided according to the appearance of the cytoplasm, and the nucleus is divided into two parts:
- Granular cells: The appearance of cytoplasm is granular, and it is large in size, where the nucleus consists of several lobes, and varies in their acceptance of pigments, and contain the neutral, acidic, and basal.
- Non-granular cells: Cytoplasmic appearance is unpopular, and its identity is characterized as undivided into lobes, lymphatic, and single.