skin Sensitivity
Many people suffer from skin allergies, when exposed to or touched by some substances that are not allergic to normal. When the patient is exposed to these substances, an immune disorder occurs in his body. He begins to treat this substance as an enemy. This triggers many chemical compounds that cause redness of the skin, skin rash, or irritation. After at least 10 days of contact with a substance, it becomes sensitive to the substance. When the antibodies form, the symptoms begin to appear within minutes or within a day or two of contact with the antibody once again.
The risk of skin allergies increases if the patient is already suffering from eczema or from itching in sensitive areas or from hypoarthritis. Skin allergies are produced from many substances, including cosmetics, perfumes, cleaning agents or disinfectants, including the introduction of certain drugs and drugs. In order to determine the allergenic material, the doctor is subject to the sensitivity tests, and often used the so-called True test, as the doctor put a set of three plates on the back of the patient, each panel contains 12 patches containing substances likely to be causing this sensitivity . After two days, the doctor removes this group and notices any changes to the skin that touches each substance. If suspected of being allergic to substances other than those in the group, the doctor may add some substances that may be exposed to the patient at work, at home or in places frequented by him.
Causes of skin allergy
Sensitive skin is produced after exposure to many substances. Fragrances and minerals found in jewelry are the most sensitive substances. Skin sensitivity is divided into three main sections, each of which has specific causes and appears differently. Skin allergies are as follows:
- Urticaria and vascular edema: Urticaria, also called articaria, involves the appearance of a skin rash in the form of patches that are high on the skin, and are red and itchy, and have two types, acute and chronic, and produces the acute type of several reasons, the most prominent, eating some foods and medicines and exposure to bites insects, As well as some physical factors such as heat, cold, sun exposure and exercise. A bacterial or viral infection may also cause acute urticaria, which forms most cases of urticaria, and disappears within days or weeks. Chronic urticaria is caused by non-allergic causes and may persist for months or years. Vascular edema is closely associated with urticaria, and appears together in many cases, and is caused by the same causes of acute urticaria. In spite of these similarities, vascular edema involves swelling of the deeper layers of the skin and does not cause skin redness and itching, It affects the eyelids, lips, tongue, feet and hands.
- Ectopic eczema: a chronic skin disease, which begins in childhood and adolescence, and includes dry skin and redness and itching, and in many cases the patient has a family history of allergies. It is strongly associated with eating certain types of foods, allergic rhinitis and asthma.
- Contact dermatitis: It is a skin disease caused by contact with the skin of certain substances, including irritating to the skin layers, causing pain in the place of contact in addition to skin rash, including causing an allergic reaction. Some researchers have conducted a study to identify the substances that cause allergic contact dermatitis and the results were as follows:
- Nickel: It is one of the most commonly used minerals in daily life. It is used to make jewelery and jewelry, in addition to its use for making garment buttons.
- Gold used in jewelry ornaments.
- Balsam Peru: which is extracted from the gum tree, and is used in the manufacture of perfumes and moisturizers of the skin.
- Thiomersal: It is an antiseptic containing mercury, and is also used to save contaminants.
- Formaldehyde: a preservative used in many industries such as paper, paints, detergents, medicines and cosmetics.
- Cobalt chloride: It is one of the most widely used metals in medical products, hair dyes and deodorants.
- Topical antibiotic bacitracin (in English: Bacitracin).
- Quaternium 15: A preservative used in many industries such as paints and waxes, as well as cosmetics.
Treatment of skin allergy
The treatment of sensitive skin depends on the type of allergy. Treatment of eczema is followed by the use of skin moisturizers and ointments that reduce inflammation of the skin such as steroid. It is also necessary to prevent skin rash. Sodium sulphate or any irritants. The patient is advised to wear cotton clothing to relieve itching and to protect the skin from irritating irritants. Antibiotics may be used in case of eczema. Hemorrhagic edema and edema are treated initially by avoiding exposure to allergens, as well as taking antihistamine drugs to control the symptoms associated with them. Treatment of conjunctive dermatitis depends on the severity of the symptoms resulting from it. The use of cold dressings may help relieve itching and rash. Ointments containing steroid. In severe cases, oral prednisone may be used.