In our lives, we are exposed to many factors that reduce the ability of the body to defend itself; that is, it reduces the immunity of the body, and nowadays it is more dangerous than in previous times; we face from a short period to the emergence of new types of Which is the result of the development that is taking place on the manufacturers and those around them, leading to the emergence of epidemics, in addition to the presence of other factors that reduce the immunity of the body more and more, and thus be vulnerable to the occurrence of various immune diseases, and these Factors: pollution, lifestyle And the human being subjected to psychological and other pressures. Some medical tests have been shown to help detect the cause of the immune deficiency. One of these analyzes is the analysis of ELISA in English, an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
ELISA analysis
The idea of this analysis is based on information provided by immunology, specifically specialized immunology. Specialized immunology means that when an object enters an alien from the human body, such as the microbe, for example, the body’s immune system produces antibodies to the proteins of the UFO, known as antigen. The immune memory of the body; in the sense that if it happens that the same body entered the strange body immune system will recognize him, and called the antibodies allocated to him. For example, if we want to know if a particular person is exposed to a certain microorganism in his life, a sample of this person is taken and its share is in this microbe to be detected. If it is previously infected, the antibodies that are specialized in the sample of that person will be linked If it is not exposed, it will not happen.
Methods of analysis of ELISA
There are two ways to do this, and the first is Direct Elisa, in which the level of the microbe or antigen is determined in the sample, the indirect method or InDirect Elisa, which determines the level of antibodies in the person’s sample. In the first method, dishes are used to examine the ELISA, consisting of a set of rows, each of which consists of eight clicks, and the clicks are covered with antibodies to the microbe or antigen to be detected, and then the person’s sample is added to the clicks, and if found in these antigens The antibodies will bind to the antibody and then the unrelated antibodies and other antigens are separated and the antigen remains to be detected, leaving the compound due to antibody binding and antigen.
Then another antibody, which can be distinguished by a particular enzyme, is added to interact with the previous compound. The dish is then washed again to dispose of the antibodies that have not been attached to it, and then the substrate is added so that the enzyme is bound to change the ambient color from transparent to The result is read by the ELISA device at the appropriate wavelength, and the absorption strength of the visible color is proportional to the antigen level in the sample being examined. A set of calculations is then performed through a curve drawn for the intensity of color concentration and absorption. The second method depends on the same steps, except that the clicks are covered by the two antigens, because the object to be detected is the antibody.