White blood cells
Blood in the human body contains several types of cells, such as red blood cells, white, and platelets, each with its specific functions. The number of white blood cells in the human body is normal between 4400 and 11000 cells / millimeters of blood, and white blood cells are divided into five sections, according to their form and coloring certain types, and include these sections of the cells that form between 40% and 75% Of white blood cells, acid cells that make up between 1% and 6%, and basal cells that make up less than 1% of white blood cells. These three are called granule cells to contain the cytoplasm in granules.
Includes white blood cells are also both single cells and lymphocytes, called cells, single-core, it is the white blood cells of one’s immune system in the human body components; they are resistant to many diseases and infections, and are produced in the bone marrow, and then released into the circulation. White blood cells may be exposed to an increase or decrease in their numbers, and the increase is a result of making physical exertion, or the incidence of heart spasm, or when exposed to emotional shock or when feeling pain, as well as in pregnancy or at birth, in addition to the incidence of many diseases, infection or poisoning , And the lack of numbers may be due to suffering from types of infection, or as a side symptom of some drugs, and may be associated with some cases such as chronic anemia, malnutrition and the incidence of hypersensitivity.
Causes of high white blood cells
The increase in the number of white blood cells increases when one of its five sections rises. Therefore, the height of the white blood cells is divided as follows:
- Increased number of neutral cells: This is diagnosed when the increase in proportion to the age of the patient, and may result from the following reasons:
- Infection is the most common cause of leukocytes and common cells. The number of these cells increases as a result of most bacterial infections. However, some bacterial infections do not cause this. Typhoid fever, for example, causes a decrease in the number of white blood cells and neutral cells.
- Suffering from inflammation and irritation: This may be the result of many diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and vasculitis, such as Kawasaki disease.
- Hyponatremia may be repeated at very low birth weights, causing them to develop several respiratory problems.
- Some types of drugs, such as lithium, which is commonly used to treat depression and bipolar disorder, cause increased production of benign cells from the bone marrow, as well as heparin, which usually causes lymphocytes to increase, In some cases, there are also epileptic drugs, such as phenytoin, phenobarbital and carbamazepine, in addition to mynosacline, which is used to treat acne.
- Increase the production of benign cells from the bone marrow: This may be due to infection, tension or lack of oxygen, as may occur when exposure to some toxins, or when taking steroids.
- Viral infection: Although caused by an increase in the number of lymphocytes, may also be accompanied by the increase of neutral cells, and this infection of mononucleosis, and infection with the virus of cytomegalovirus, infection with the respiratory virus and the combination of hepatitis.
- Increased number of acid cells: These cells participate in the immune response and sensitivity, and therefore increase in numbers when suffering from allergies, as well as when the infection of parasitic, and when suffering from skin diseases, in addition to the incidence of many infections, such as scarlet fever, leprosy, Urinary and reproductive system, and may also increase numbers when suffering from diseases that affect the lung or surrounding membrane, in addition to some cancers, such as cancers of the types of Hodgkin lymphoma and Lahogkin, as well as diseases that affect the bone marrow, Adrenal glands and sarcoidosis.
- Elevated basal cell count: In most cases, the number of white blood cells is very high, resulting in viral infection, chronic sinusitis, and inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic dermatitis, chronic bronchitis, Chronic hemolytic anemia, splenectomy, or bone marrow disease, and may develop in some endocrine diseases, such as hypothyroidism.
- High numbers of lymphocytes: These cells form between 20% and 40% of white blood cells, and have two types, T cells and B cells, and increased in many cases; this may be a natural increase in newborns, and may also indicate infection And may increase in numbers when suffering from connective tissue diseases, hyperthyroidism or adrenal insufficiency, and if the spleen is also removed.
- Increased number of monocytes: This may arise from many bacterial infections such as tuberculosis, sub-acute bacterial endocarditis, maltese fever, viral infection or parasitic infections, and may increase in numbers when suffering from cancerous tumors, especially those affecting the bone marrow, Or lymphoma, or lung cancer, as well as when suffering from autoimmune diseases, systemic systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis.
Symptoms of increased white blood cells
Many people with high white blood cells may not have any symptoms, and if they do, they may be due to the pathological condition that causes the increase. The most common symptoms experienced by these patients are as follows:
- High body temperature.
- The appearance of bruising on the patient’s body and bleeding.
- Feeling dizzy and sweating.
- Feel numbness or pain in the feet, abdomen or arms.
- Feeling tired or general weakness.
- Breathing difficulty.
- Blurred vision and difficulty concentrating.
- Lack of appetite for weight loss food.