Platelets
Platelets are one of the main components of blood. They are not cells. They are flat segments of the cytoplasm with a diameter of approximately three nanometers, ranging from 150 thousand to 450 thousand platelets. A deficiency in this number can cause bleeding in different parts Of the body. Its size ranges from small to large, and its color ranges from red, blue, and purple.
Platelet function
Blood platelets are produced in the bone marrow and contribute to blood clotting when hemorrhage or wound injury occurs. This process is done by turning the blood platelets of the blood protein (fibrinogen) into a more rigid substance (fibrin) Of the skin.
Hypoproteinemia
The lack of blood platelets is due to an autoimmune disorder. This imbalance is caused by respiratory infections, water jaundice, or viral viral vaccination, and some diseases inhibit the bone marrow, causing a decrease in the number of platelets, including: Leukemia, infections of the pregnant woman and transmission to the fetus during pregnancy, some types of drugs, exposure to chemotherapy or radiation, and genetic factors play a role in the increased risk of platelet insufficiency.
Treatment of hypoproteinemia
Drugs are taken to prevent platelet corrosion, cortisone, which strengthens the walls of blood vessels, and inhibits the secretion of antibodies. In serious cases, the doctor is forced to remove the spleen because it is a source of the eukaryotic cells. The blood platelets are then transferred to the patient as follows:
- Blood platelet donation, by means of a medical device that performs blood withdrawal, and then isolate the platelets, and restore blood to the body again.
- A natural person can donate two hundred to four hundred ml at a time, and the donation process lasts for one hour.
- The body can compensate the deficiency within eight to ten days, and the donor can donate again in a week to two weeks without any damage.
Function of other major components of blood
- Red blood cells: It contains the hemoglobin, which gives the blood red, and through which oxygen is transferred from the lungs to all parts of the body, and replaced with carbon dioxide, and these cells maintain the hemoglobin in the blood and prevents it from switching to the form of bile.
- White blood cells: Defends the body of alien objects.
- Plasma: The salts, food and minerals are transported throughout the body.