Symptoms of stroke

heart attack

The heart clot is defined as a partial death of the heart muscle as a result of a complete blockage of some arteries in the heart that are responsible for delivering food-rich blood and oxygen to it, leading to death of the part that the artery feeds.

Heart attack occurs when fat and cholesterol accumulate in a coronary artery, where plaques form the narrowing of the artery. This process is known as atherosclerosis. When an explosion occurs in these plaques, a blood clot occurs around it. This is called ischemia, and ischemia leads to death in a part of the heart muscle called a heart attack or myocardial infarction. .

Cases of heart attack

Some factors lead to coronary artery disease, which causes heart stroke, and some of these factors can be controlled to prevent the occurrence of heart attack by avoiding some things, including:

Smoking.
Hypertension.
High cholesterol.
Increase in weight and obesity.
An unhealthy diet (too many foods saturated with saturated fats, cholesterol, and sodium).
Physical inactivity.
High blood sugar (diabetes).

But some other factors that can not be controlled or altered may cause a heart attack, such as:

Age : The risk of heart disease increases in men after the age of 45, and in women after the age of 55 (after menopause).
Family history of early heart disease : The incidence of stroke is increased when the father or brother is exposed to a heart disease before the age of 55, or the injury of the mother or sister before the age of 65.
Eclampsia : Congestive pregnancy is accompanied by high blood pressure, and the emergence of excessive amounts of protein in urine, and may increase the risk of heart disease or heart attack.

Symptoms of heart stroke

The symptoms of heart attack vary from person to person and may vary in the same person if more than one heart attack occurs. The heart attack may occur slowly, accompanied by some symptoms that may be mild or severe and sudden. For example, some people or people with diabetes may not have Any symptoms of a heart attack, called stroke in the absence of symptoms of silent heart attack, and may be some of the symptoms are more common in women, such as: feeling tired and tired, and shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting, and pain in the back and shoulders and jaw.

The most common symptoms of heart attack in men and women include:

Pain in the center or left of the chest, and may continue for several minutes, and this pain causes discomfort, or may be severe pain, or just a sense of fullness, or pressure, or may describe the patient feeling a decline in the middle of the chest.
Pain in the upper body, it may spread to the teeth, jaw, shoulders, arms, back, neck.
Pain of the stomach, where the pain in the form of heartburn in the stomach, or feeling fullness, and dyspepsia.
Shortness of breath, may occur at rest, or physical activity is mild.
Sweating, cold and wet skin.
Feeling tired and tired for no reason, especially in women.
Nausea and vomiting.
Dizziness and lack of thinking.
Anxiety and tension.

Treatment of heart stroke

Early treatment of heart attack can prevent the partial death of the heart muscle, and act quickly when the first presentation may save the life of the patient, including the treatment of heart attack immediate treatments begin in the event of suspected stroke and before the confirmation of stroke, including the following:

Aspirin to prevent blood clotting.
Nitroglycerin to reduce the workload of the heart, improve the blood flow through the coronary arteries.
Treatment of chest pain.
Oxygen.

When a heart attack is confirmed, doctors immediately begin to try to restore blood flow through coronary arteries supplying the heart with blood, including two types of treatment:

Drugs that dissolve blood clotting in the coronary arteries, and should be given to the patient in the early hours of the symptoms of heart attack.
Coronary angioplasty is a non-surgical operation in which the narrowing or opening of the blockage in the coronary arteries is widened. A flexible tube attached to the end is inserted in a balloon or a pillar in one of the blood vessels in the groin until it is delivered to the blocked coronary artery. By pressing the plaques and blood clots on the wall of the artery, during which the doctor put a supportive network in the artery to help keep the blood vessels open, and prevent clogging within several months or years after the operation.

The doctor may then prescribe an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor to lower blood pressure, anticoagulants, beta-blockers to reduce the burden of the heart, and cholesterol-lowering drugs.

Stroke

Stroke occurs as a result of stopping the flow of blood to a specific area of the brain. The brain cells in the region are deprived of oxygen, which causes death or sudden cessation. The death of the brain cells responsible for an area of the human body adversely affects its function. And the functions of the organs that the brain region is responsible for, and the resulting brain disruption caused by the inability to perform its functions causes the death of the neurons present there, thus failing to perform the necessary brain functions. The effects of the stroke are determined by their size, the part of the stroke that is responsible for significant brain functions, where they occur, and the damage to the affected part of the brain. For example, small strokes may cause temporary weakness in one arm or leg , While large cerebral thrombosis may cause permanent paralysis, or loss of speech.

Types of stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke, the least common type, where 15% of strokes are hemorrhagic, but responsible for about 40% of all stroke deaths. This type occurs as a result of an explosion in the blood vessels, or leakage of blood from the weak blood vessels, leaks blood inside or around the brain causing swelling and pressure on brain cells, leading to death.

Ischemic stroke

(Ischemic stroke), occurs when a blockage in a blood vessel that feeds the brain because of a blood clot, and this prevents the arrival of blood to the brain, and high blood pressure is one of the most important causes of ischemic stroke, and this type is Most commonly, it accounts for 87% of all strokes. A transient stroke is a temporary interruption in blood flow to the brain, and this type does not cause permanent damage to the brain.

Symptoms of a stroke include:

Loss of ability to speak or clutter in speech, inability to understand and assimilation.
Numbness or paralysis on one side of the body, and may affect the face or one of the arms or legs.
Dropping an arm when trying to lift them together over the head.
Relaxation on one side of the mouth when you are smiling.
Loss of walking ability, and constant sense of loss of balance.
Loss or weakness of vision In one or both eyes, the vision may become black or unclear.
Loss of memory and forgetfulness.
Sudden and severe headache, may be accompanied by vomiting or dizziness.

Factors that increase the risk of stroke

Some factors increase the risk of stroke, and may be related to lifestyle, such as:

Smoking.
Weight gain or obesity.
Physical inactivity.
The quality of food that greatly affects the risk of stroke.
Drink heavily.
Drug abuse, such as cocaine, and methamphetamines.

Or may be related to the patient’s health status:

Hypertension.
High cholesterol.
Diabetes.
Sleep apnea (sleep apnea).
Heart disease, such as heart failure.
May be related to family history of a heart attack or stroke, or if the patient is 55 or older.

Treatment of stroke

The treatment of stroke depends on the type of stroke that occurs. If an ischemic brain clot, blood flow to the brain should be accelerated by using drugs to dissolve the blood clot within 3 hours of the stroke. This improves the chances of survival and reduces complications of the stroke. , Include aspirin, and intravenous injections of tissue plasmogen promoter.

Doctors may use emergency procedures such as inserting a thin tube in one of the femoral arteries to deliver a tissue plasmogen tonic to the affected area of the brain, or to remove the blood clot mechanically. Treatment of haemorrhagic stroke involves controlling bleeding and relieving stress on the brain.