Aorta
The aorta is the largest artery in the body, its source emanates from the upper part of the left ventricle in the heart, and feeds all organs of the body.
Pathological conditions affecting the aorta
Pathological conditions in the aorta include:
- Aortic artery stiffness : Which is usually caused by high levels of cholesterol and high blood pressure, where cholesterol sheets accumulate inside.
- Aortic aneurysm : It is a large expansion in an area of the aorta due to weakness. It then becomes weak because of its weakness, such as balloon. Aneurysm is life-threatening in the event of an explosion, but the good thing is that it does not grow quickly.
- Aortic artery dissection : This condition is defined as the separation of the layers of the aorta wall from each other as a result of high blood pressure and / or damage to the wall of the aorta. This situation is also life-threatening.
- Aortic valve failure : This condition occurs for the injured when the return of the flow of some blood to the heart with each blow of the heartbeat due to non-closure of the valve aorta completely. It is reported that this condition may occur as a result of Marfan syndrome and autoimmune diseases and others.
- Stenosis of the aorta : This condition occurs when the narrowing of the valve of this artery, the heart is prone to stress when pumping blood to the body. The most common cause of rheumatic fever, which is known to lead to chest pain and shortness of breath, is the causes of this condition.
- Aortic inflammation : Which is usually caused by inflammation or autoimmune disease.
Causes of aortic aorta cases
Causes of aortic aneurysms include the following:
- Aortic artery stiffness occurs when a waxy substance accumulates from the cholesterol plates inside it.
- Aneurysms of the aorta and thoracic aneurysms occur due to several causes, including aortic aneurysm, genetic factors, old age, some infections, and severe and sudden abdominal or chest injury.
* Aortic dissection occurs due to several factors that doctors believe contribute to the infection, including high blood pressure because it leads to stress walls of the arteries. Anything that weakens the wall of the aorta leads to its removal, including genetic diseases such as Marfan syndrome, and chest injuries.
- Aortic valve failure occurs due to several causes, including congenital defects, a person’s condition, heart tissue infections, high blood pressure, and genetic diseases, including Marfan syndrome, and heart aneurysm.
- Aortic stenosis occurs as a result of several symptoms, including age-induced valve calcification, rheumatic fever, some congenital heart problems, and valve infections.
Aortic diseases
There are a variety of methods of aortic aneurysms that include the following:
- Aortic artery image : The catheter is inserted into the artery from the groin area to advance towards the aorta. The colored material injected to the casualty plays a role in making the x-ray image of the aorta appear on the screen.
- Ultrasound examination : A probe is placed on the abdomen that uses sound waves to show the image. This test is used to detect abdominal aortic aneurysm to estimate the probability of explosion.
- Computational Computer Survey (Computerized): This scan creates images of the aorta and its surrounding structures using X-rays and a computer.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging : Which uses radio waves inside a magnetic field to create images of the aorta.
Symptoms of aortic aneurysm
Symptoms of aortic aneurysms include the following:
- Aneurysm : Which are divided into several sections, including abdominal aneurysm and symptoms are as follows:
- Pain and general feeling of discomfort in the abdomen, which may be interrupted or continuous.
- Pain in the chest, abdomen, lower back and underarms, and may spread to the area of the origin of the thigh, buttocks or legs. Although this pain is initially not affected by the movement, there may be places where the patient feels more comfortable than others.
- Pulmonary feeling in the abdomen.
- The color of the toes changes to black or blue with pain, due to a clot caused by this aneurysm, where the blood supply develops and cuts off the feet.
- Thoracic aneurysm : Whose symptoms include the following:
- pain in chest.
- Abdominal pain.
- Cough or tightness of breath if the aneurysm in the lungs.
- Coarse voice.
- Difficulty and pain when swallowing.
- Aortic dissection : Whose symptoms include the following:
- Severe pain in the chest and upper back, usually this pain is like a cut in the chest, as it starts abruptly and moves from place.
- Breathing difficulty.
- Sweating.
- Weakness or paralysis in one side of the body.
- Difficulty in pronunciation.
- The weakness of the pulse in one arm compared to the other.
- Rotor.
- Deficiency of aortic valve : Which may not show any symptoms for years but with the progress, the symptoms may appear suddenly, and include the following:
- Pain and chest tightness increases with exercise and goes away with rest.
- Fatigue.
- Heart palpitations.
- Shortness of breath especially when lying down.
- Swelling feet and ankles.
- Aortic stenosis : Whose main symptoms include the following:
- heart attack.
- Fainting.
- hard breathing.
- Aortic inflammation : The symptoms vary depending on the location and cause of the inflammation, but the common symptoms include the following:
- Back pain.
- Tummy ache.
- Aortic valve failure.
- Thoracic aneurysm.
Treatment of aortic diseases
Treatments for aortic aorta include:
- Aortic aneurysm treatment is usually performed surgically to restore aneurysm, if the aneurysm grows rapidly. It is repaired for fear of explosion. They are also surgically treated if they cause unpleasant symptoms.
- Most aortic dissections occur in the ascending part of the aorta and are classified as type A. Type B affects the descending part of the aorta. This type is less threatening to life compared to type (A). It is treated either medically or surgically; pharmacotherapy is aimed at relieving pain and lowering blood pressure, and surgically removes the removed part of the aorta and replaces it with an industrial part. A heart valve may also be replaced if it is damaged.
- Treatment of aortic stenosis, which is usually treated by replacing the aortic valve that causes the problem.