the heart
The blood flows in the body into a closed circle of blood vessels, and can reach all parts of the body thanks to the heart pump known as the heart. And the heart is known for his dedication to his work, which does not stop from the beginning of human life to the moment of his death, where blood is paid to the body through the blood vessels more than a thousand times a day. The heart is composed of muscle tissues that are different from the rest of the tissues of the muscular body. They are also musculoskeletal tissues. They are also involuntary. The heart also contains a nerve tissue that extends within the muscles to regulate the heartbeat. The heart is divided into four sections. They receive blood from the body, lungs, and the abdomen, which inject blood throughout the body and lungs.
Heart beat
The pulse of the heart muscle is generated by the generation of a pulse stimulator, or the so-called sinatrial node / SA node, a node that gives the catalytic signal to the contraction of the heart muscle, resulting in the closure and opening of the heart valves, This closure and opening is the sound of heart beats that we hear while closing and opening the pumping of blood in the arteries of the body and this is the function of pulse, and can feel pulse in areas where the artery is close to the surface of the skin, such as the hand in the hand at the wrist, To be measured across the left hand being a Near the heart, the artery in the neck area, and the artery in the leg below the knee.
Heart rate
Pulse rate is inversely related to the average age of the human, meaning that the older the person, the lower the pulse rate. Thus, the pulse is at its highest rate at the fetus and then the child, gradually decreasing to its lowest age. The pulse rate is defined for each age and at the longest stage in human life, which is the youth stage between the 18 and 18 years. The normal pulse rate ranges from 60 beats per minute to 100 beats per minute.
However, if a person is in an abnormal position, such as being an athlete in a long distance race, the acceleration is not very dangerous for very little time if he is relieved to feel stressed. However, if there is an acceleration or slowdown for non-immediate periods, this means that he suffers from a heart health problem The third case is the presence of acceleration and deceleration in the same minute during which the pulse rate is measured. In this case, the pulse should be measured for more than two minutes to be confirmed. This means that there are disturbances in the pulse rate. Also healthy Should be followed up and knowledge, and through the pulse rate can also know the blood flow rate, and whether there is imbalance in blood circulation.
Factors affecting heart rate
There are many factors that affect the rate of heartbeat, the first age as stated earlier, and these are the most important of these factors:
- temperature : When temperatures and humidity rise around the body, the heart pumps the blood a little more to reach the skin faster; to get rid of body heat faster, so the pulse rate may increase, but usually no more than five to ten strokes per minute.
- Body position : The body tries to maintain the rate of pulse in different positions in general, but this may change for a few seconds and increase when standing or movement, but soon return to normal.
- Feelings : Exposure to situations of rapid change of feelings such as anger, joy or sadness, lead to a significant increase in heartbeat.
- Body size : Body size usually does not change the pulse, but if the obesity is severe may see the pulse is higher than the average person in normal weight, but usually does not rise the pulse rate of 100 beats per minute.
- Use of medicines : Drugs that act to block adrenaline (beta blockers) tend to slow down the pulse, while a lot of thyroid drugs work to raise the pulse rate.
- Fitness level : The more a person is a mathematician, the lower his heart rate is when resting from other people, sometimes up to 40 beats per minute.
Facts about the heart
Here are some strange facts about the cardiovascular system:
- Blood vessels – arteries, veins and capillaries – up to more than 60,000 miles long, this length is enough to circulate around the year more than twice.
- The adult heart pumps about 5 liters of blood every minute – about 2,000 gallons of blood every day – throughout the body.
- When you try to locate the heart, most people put their hands on the left incision of the chest, in fact, the heart is located in the middle of the chest between the lungs, and the lower part of the heart tilts to the left.
- The heart beats about 100 thousand times every day.
- The heart of the adult female weighs about 8 ounces, and the man is about 10 ounces.
- The size of the child’s heart is as much as the fist of the hand, while the adult’s heart is two-handed.
- Water accounts for about 78 percent of the blood.
- The blood takes about 20 seconds to circulate in all blood vessels.
- ECG was invented in 1902, Dutch physiologist William Einthoven, and is still using this test to assess the rate and rhythm of the heart.
- My cardiac specialty appeared for the first time after the First World War.