Digestive
The digestive system is one of the important organs of the body, consisting of teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, and combine these components to achieve the greatest benefit of its existence is to provide energy and nutrients to the body through access to nutritional values from different sources, 9 meters, and its area is estimated at approximately 120X60 meters, ie, the size of the football field.
Benefits of the digestive system
The ingestion
The mouth facilitates the ingestion of food through one of its parts, the mouth, which facilitates the passage of food to the stomach responsible for storage of food.
Excretion
The digestive system produces about seven liters of fluid every day. These include saliva, mucus, hydrochloric acid, enzymes, yellow juice, and any liquid of particular interest:
- Saliva: It moisturizes dry food and contains salivary amylase, the digestive enzyme that begins to digest carbohydrates.
- Mucus: It is considered a protective barrier within the digestive system.
- Hydrochloric acid: Helps digest the food chemically, and protects the body, by killing bacteria in the food we eat.
- Enzymes: Are like small biochemical machines that decompose large molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into their smaller components.
- Bile: Collect a large number of fat in small pellets to facilitate digestion.
Confusion and movement
The digestive system uses three main processes to transport and mix food:
- Swallowing: It is the process by which smooth muscles, the skeleton in the mouth, tongue, and pharynx are used, food is pushed from the mouth, through the pharynx, to the esophagus.
- Periwinkle: Is the muscle wave that takes place along the digestive tract, where the partially digested food is transported for a short distance down the digestive tract.
- Retail: This process is carried out in the intestine, which helps to increase the absorption of food by mixing them, and then contact the walls of the intestine.
digestion
The large pieces of food are converted into small parts, and the process of digestion begins with the teeth, that is, the transformation of complex parts that can not be absorbed into small particles that can be absorbed, which is known as mechanical digestion.
The chemical digestion in the mouth begins with salivary amylase in complex carbohydrates to saliva. Simple carbohydrates are broken down. The enzymes and acids in the stomach continue to be digested. The bulk of the digestive process occurs in the intestine due to the pancreas, which has the ability to digest fats, carbohydrates and proteins And nucleic acids.
Absorption
This process begins in the stomach with simple molecules such as water and alcohol, and continues until it reaches the bloodstream. The largest process of absorption takes place in the walls of the small intestine.