Colon treatment

IBS

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) is a disorder in the function and movement of the gastrointestinal tract and is manifested as a combination of symptoms affecting the large intestine such as abdominal pain, cramping, , Bloating, mucus with stool, sudden need for discharge, feeling of total intestinal dislocation, diarrhea, constipation, or both. Other names include: Nervous colon, functional bowel syndrome, spastic colon, Irritable colon, mucous colitis (English) : Mucous colitis). Irritable bowel syndrome is more common in women.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is different from Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome despite some similarities. Inflammatory bowel disease is more serious due to inflammation in the intestine, including ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease. Irritable bowel syndrome does not cause painful complications from inflammatory bowel disease such as permanent bowel damage, intestinal bleeding, rectal bleeding, , Ulcers (p English: Ulcers).

Irritable bowel forms

There are three main forms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome:

• Figure I: Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS with diarrhea).
• Figure II: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS with constipation).
• Figure III: This type is characterized by a combination or alternation between diarrhea and constipation.

Irritable bowel syndrome

Treatment of lifestyle change

The first line in treating irritable bowel syndrome is lifestyle change, following some diet tips, including:

• Fiber intake: Fiber is recommended in fruits, vegetables and legumes. It reduces the problem of constipation, but the amount of fiber in the food should gradually increase to avoid gas and colic.
• Avoid dairy products: Dairy products are recommended for lactose intolerant. In this case, it is recommended to take milk as an alternative to milk, or to eat lactose-dense enzymes. Your doctor may recommend that you stay away from all milk products.
• Avoid some foods and drinks: Avoid some types of foods and beverages that cause an irritable bowel syndrome and symptoms such as legumes, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, chocolate, fatty or fried foods, sugar-rich foods, Artificial sweeteners, Nuts, Caffeine, Soda, and alcohol.
• Practice healthy habits: Drink plenty of water, eat small and multiple meals, do not smoke, exercise, sleep well, and take Probiotics.

Drug therapy

The following is a simplified explanation of the range of medications used to control irritable bowel syndrome:

• Diarrheal drugs:
  • Anti-diarrheal agents such as loperamide and diphenoxylate.
  • Eluxadoline can relieve diarrhea by reducing intestinal constriction and reducing fluid secretion in the intestine.
  • Alosetron, used for some severe diarrhea cases that accompany the irritable colon in women only; it helps to relax the colon and slow down the bowel movement.
  • Bile acid sequestrant, such as cholestyramine, colestipol, and colesevelam, but can cause swelling.
  • Rifaximin, an antibiotic that reduces bacterial growth and causes diarrhea.
• Constipation medication:
  • Dietary supplements containing fiber such as the catheter (in English: Psyllium).
  • Laxatives: Polyethylene glycol, Bisacodyl, Senna, and Lactulose.
  • Lubiprostone: It increases the secretion of fluid in the small intestine and is often used only in severe cases of constipation in women only.
  • Linaclutide: Eating 30 to 60 minutes before food can help increase fluid secretion in the small intestine and thus reduce constipation.
  • Antidepressants from selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fluoxetine), citalopram, and paroxetine.
• Drugs of colic and pain:
  • Antispasmodics: Metoclopramide, dicyclomine, and hyoscyamine.
  • Tricyclic antidepressants: such as Imipramine and Nortriptyline, which reduces pain in the intestine by inhibiting the functioning of neurons.
  • Severe pain medications such as: Pregabalin and Gabapentin.

Herbal Therapy and Alternative Medicine

The following is a set of medical treatments that support previous treatments, which can improve the condition of irritable bowel syndrome in some people:

• Acupuncture: Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in treating chronic pain, but studies have yet to prove its effectiveness in treating irritable bowel syndrome.
• Food additives from oils: Evening primrose oil, which can relieve irritable bowel syndrome especially in women during the menstrual cycle, and Borage oil extracted from the seeds of one of the known weeds, fish oil (English: Fish oil) but there is no scientific evidence of the usefulness of fish oil in the nervous colon.
• Herbs: Peppermint can be used to reduce constriction of irritating colon muscles.
• Probiotic: Probiotics are used to restore the natural balance of beneficial bacteria found in the digestive system, which can improve irritable bowel syndrome and the quality of life of the patient. The most common types of probiotics are lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacteria infantis).

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy may help relieve irritable bowel syndrome, and possible psychological treatments include:

• Control of stress; this helps reduce the pain and colic that accompany the nervous colon; The following methods can be used to relieve tension:
  • Practice relaxation and meditation exercises.
  • Practice yoga and walking exercises continuously.
  • Get enough sleep.
  • Stay away from circumstances and situations that cause tension as much as possible.
• Talk therapy, helps to improve the condition of the irritable bowel, and is divided into two types:
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy, which focuses on the thoughts and actions of the person.
  • Interpersonal therapy, which focuses on how emotions affect the colon.
• Gut-Directed Hypnotherapy, where the therapist helps relax the colon muscles by hypnotizing the patient.
• Mindfulness Training (Mindfulness Training) helps to focus on the sensation of the moment without fear or anxiety.

Irritable bowel causes

Although there is no confirmed cause of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, there are a range of factors and health problems that may contribute to its appearance.

• Problems with signs or signals sent from the brain to nerves in the intestine.
• There is a disturbance in bowel movement; there may be slow or fast movement, cramps, or excessive contractions when tension or eating.
• Increase the sensation of pain and discomfort of the presence of gases in the intestine due to increased sensitivity of the intestinal nerves.
• Bacterial infection in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Increase in bacterial growth normally present in the small intestine or change in bacterial type.
• Changes in levels of neuronal vectors and gastrointestinal hormones, as well as changes in female hormones during the menstrual cycle.
• Genetic factors; although studies suggest that there is a similarity and similarity between gastrointestinal problems in a single family, this factor is uncertain.
• Sensitivity to some foods rich in carbohydrates, spicy foods, or fatty foods, as well as coffee and alcohol, due to poor absorption of sugars and bile acids.