Kidney stones
Kidneys are the body that extracts the chemical from the chemical, so that urine produced by the kidney contains many of the dissolved body residues. Kidney stones are defined as any solid body made up of chemicals in the urine that vary in size. Some are as small as sand, and some are as large as the actual size of gravel. Kidney stones begin when there is a large amount of waste in a small amount of fluid. Therefore, getting a large amount of water and fluids in general works to push these wastes out of the body resulting in stopping and preventing the formation of the gravel.
The problem of kidney stones is very widespread. One in ten people is believed to have kidney stones during the course of his life. The probability of infection is 19% for men, 9% for women and usually for men after the age of 30. But it can start at a lower age.
Kidney stones symptoms
Symptoms vary depending on the size of the stones. The larger the appearance of the symptoms, the greater the pain of the lower back on both sides or on one of the most important symptoms that warn of the presence of gravel, and may be accompanied by gravel in the body temperature and chills in the body. The presence of blood in the urine, lack of urinary incontinence, bad odors, and the constant need to urinate, frequent urination, and pain when urinating are symptoms of kidney stones.
Diagnosis of kidney stones
It is very important to determine the full history of the person by the doctor, in addition to conducting some laboratory and radiological tests to diagnose and determine the type of kidney disease. These tests include creatinine and blood Urea nitrogen to evaluate kidney function, as well as calcium, phosphorus, uric acid, and ions in the blood. Urine analysis is also necessary to determine if there is a bacterium Or crystals or blood in the urine, the doctor can perform laboratory examination and analysis of the same bone to determine its type. Abdominal X-rays may also be performed, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or CT scan to exclude any obstruction.
Proper dietary habits to avoid kidney stones
A healthy diet is often an important and sufficient component to prevent kidney stones, but in certain cases it is necessary to take some treatments as well as a healthy diet, according to the advice and recommendations of nutritionists. In general, obtaining sufficient amounts of water is one of the most important factors that prevent kidney stones, as well as regulating the intake of foods containing calcium and oxalate properly by eating them together in one meal; Together in the stomach and intestines before the kidney begins its work, which in turn reduces the chance of forming stones, which often increase if the correlation of calcium with oxalate during the college work and composition of urine. Adjusting sodium intake, minimizing the intake of animal proteins, and increasing intake of vegetables and fruits are also factors that play an important role in preventing kidney stones.
Types of kidney stones
Kidney stones are divided into two basic types, of which several species are subdivided. The first type is Calcium Kidney Stones. Calcium Oxalate stones account for 80% of the calcium. Calcium Phosphate stones account for 15% Of which.
The second type is the non-calcium Kidney Stones. Uric acid stones, cystine stones, and infection stones, which cause urinary tract infections, , Because of the increased degree of urine base with the presence of microorganisms that produce the enzyme Urease (Urease), and increase the saturation of urine with some substances and ions such as magnesium, ammonium and phosphate. Rare forms of gravel include dihydroxyadanine stones, ammonium urate stones, and others.
Causes of kidney stones
There are several factors leading to kidney stones, including the following:
- Dehydration does not contain the necessary amount of water and fluids, either because of insufficient water and fluids, or because of excess sweating. This reduces the volume of urine and therefore the formation of crystals, which attract other substances In the urine and its association with the formation of solid bodies form the beginning of the formation of gravel in the event that it did not come out of the body through urine. Drinking enough fluids is an important factor in pushing the body’s waste out of the urine and preventing kidney stones.
- The genetic factor, one of the reasons that increase the likelihood of kidney stones, as the person who has a family history of kidney stones as a family member injury to the majority of the kidney is more likely to occur. A person who has been previously infected with kidney stones is more likely to repeat it with him.
- Diet: It plays an important role in influencing the risk of kidney stones. Eating large amounts of animal proteins, sugars, and salts increases the risk of kidney stones.
- Excessive intake of vitamin D, or very low calcium intake, may cause imbalances between calcium and oxalate in the body, which may increase the risk of oxalate.
- Some of the pathological conditions affecting metabolism and body balance can increase the risk of kidney stones, such as gout, inflammatory bowel disease, hyperparathyroidism, Intestinal bypass, some kidney disease, and cases that cause hypercalcemia in the urine.
- Excessive use of certain drugs stimulates the occurrence of kidney stones by affecting metabolic processes such as diuretics, which affect the renal sprain in the kidney (Loop Diuretics) and some laxatives. Increasing the saturation of urine with certain medications can lead to pebbles, such as some types of antacids, which contain magnesium trisilicate, and medicines containing sulfa in the form of Sulfa Medication, as well as some antibiotics Such as ciprofloxacin. If the dose of ciprofloxacin increases by 1,000 milligrams, and the center of the urine is so high that the pH is higher than 7.3, it will increase the likelihood of deposition in the urine and the formation of the crystals.
- The concentration of certain constituents of the blood, or the low concentration of certain substances that prevent the formation of gravel, such as increased concentration of uric acid (Hyperuricosuria) or low concentration of the material (Hypocitraturia) may be increase or decrease due to not taken in appropriate quantities Correct in food or drink, or due to metabolic dysfunction.
- The degree of acidity or alkalinity of the urine, for example increase the degree of acidity of the urine encourages the formation of uric acid stones and cysteine stones, and increase the degree of the base of urine encourages the formation of calcium phosphate stones.