Prostate enlargement and treatment

The prostate gland and its function

The prostate gland is located between the penis and the bladder in front of the rectum, and the urethra passes through the center of the prostate gland from the bladder to the penis for the flow and exit of the urine outside the body. This gland secretes fluid to nourish and protect the sperm, where the prostate gland presses this fluid during the ejaculation process through the urethra to be taken out with sperm in the form of sperm, and the so-called Vas deferens transfer sperm from the testes to the seminal vesicle : Seminal vesicle) which provides fluid to the donor during ejaculation. This gland grows in the body of the man in two stages, the first at puberty; the prostate gland doubles in size, the second stage begins at the age of twenty-five years, and continues to grow until the rest of man’s life.

Enlarged prostate gland and its symptoms

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a proliferation of cellular elements in the prostate gland. This is not considered a cancer. Inflammation affects the flow of urine and the appearance of certain symptoms. The nerves in the prostate gland and the bladder may also play a role in these symptoms. , The most important of which is frequent urination and frequency during the night as well, the feeling of urgency and urgency in urination, the difficulty of starting urination and feeling the need for pressure and effort to start, and interrupt the flow of urine, the flow of a weak stream of urine, and not complete dissociation of the bladder, To feel the presence of residual amount of urine in the bladder regardless of the frequency and frequency of urination, and others. This usually occurs in the second stage of prostate growth. The size of the prostate gland increases as the person ages. Inflation usually occurs by 50% in men aged 1 to 50 years and 90% in men over the age of 80 .

Treatment of enlarged prostate gland

The prostatic treatment is divided as follows:

Medicinal and herbal therapy

The pharmacological and herbal treatments used to treat prostate gland enlargement include:

5-reductase inhibitors: These drugs inhibit the formation of dihydrotestosterone, a protein that combines in the prostate gland and plays an important role in the growth and development of the prostate, so these drugs reduce the size of the prostate gland and increase the flow Urine, and reduce the need for prostate surgery, but it may cause side effects such as difficulty in erection, and lack of sexual desire, and these drugs Finasteride (English: Finasteride), and Dutasteride (English: Dutasteride). Alpha-5 and alpha-5 inhibitors can be used together to increase the effectiveness of treatment, reduce symptoms of the disease and prevent it from increasing, but in turn may increase the incidence of side effects.

Some types of herbs and natural remedies, most commonly Saw Saw palmetto, although not proven to work so far, but commonly used by patients themselves and not by the doctor.

Minor surgical procedures incursion

Minimally Invasive Surgeries can be used in the clinic to treat prostate enlargement. The appropriate procedure is determined by the size of the prostate gland, the patient’s health status, and the personal desire. However, using these procedures increases the likelihood of having to return or do (Retrograde ejaculation), Erectile dysfunction, urinary tract infections, presence of blood in the urine, and others. These measures include the following:

Prostatic Stent: A synovial device that is placed and placed inside the urethra to keep the urethra open.
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound: An ultrasound sensor is placed inside the rectum, which increases the prostate’s temperature to a very high degree, causing the prostate tissue to be killed and contracted by heat.
Interstitial Laser Coagulation: A laparoscope is used by the doctor with the use of laser beams to puncture the prostate and burn the tissue.
Transurethral Electroevaporation of the Prostate: A telescope that passes through the penis to the urethra and moves an electrode through the surface of the prostate. It creates and sends an electrical current that evaporates the prostate tissue, clogging the blood vessels and closing them Tightly.
UroLift (UroLift): A small implant implanted with a needle, designed to lift the prostate and keep it far away to open the blocked urethra.
Catheterization: A tube is placed inside the bladder through the urethra to discharge the urine, or by a small hole in the bladder at the top of the pubic bone.

surgeries

In some cases of prostatic hyperplasia that does not respond to drug therapy and in severe cases surgery to remove the prostate tissue obstruction, where it is recommended in cases where the person is unable to urinate, and in people who have kidney damage, and in the occurrence of frequent infections in the tract Urinary bladder, bladder stones, and in cases of major bleeding. These operations include the following:

Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: This process gives excellent results and no progesterone is performed.
Transurethral Incision of the Prostate: Used in cases where the prostate is smaller but causes great obstruction and obstruction. The urethra is enlarged by small wounds in more than one place; in the bladder neck – the point at which it meets Urethra with bladder – plus another wound in the prostate. Side effects include temporary urine retention, non-ejaculation (dry orgasm), urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and others.

Diagnosis of enlarged prostate gland

Methods of diagnosis of prostate enlargement include:

BPH Symptom Score Index: An indicator developed by the American Society of Urologists (UBS), by which the condition is classified from moderate to severe depending on the frequency of symptoms.
Digital rectal exam: The prostate is examined by the doctor by placing the finger inside the anus and the prostate to make sure there is an abnormal thickness or shape of the prostate, or any other problems.
Urinalysis.
Prostate-specific antigen: A protein that is manufactured only from the prostate. It is measured in the blood. A rapid rise in blood levels indicates a prostate problem such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate inflammation, Or others.
Post-void residual volume: Used to measure the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination.
Uroflowmetry: Used to measure urine flow velocity.
Cystoscopy: Used to see and examine the urethra and bladder through the binocular.
Urodynamic pressure: Used to measure pressure in the bladder during urination.