Urinary tract
The human body takes food to meet the needs of the elements and energy required; to perform various activities of the body; where the body leaves more than the need for waste in the intestines and blood, the body excretes the body of liquid waste called urea, and maintains the balance of chemicals inside the body, : Sodium, and potassium; by removing excess elements, and maintaining the amount of water in the body.
Large amounts of urea are produced when eating meat, poultry and some vegetables, which are protein-containing foods. Blood is released through the kidneys, which in turn carries urine to other wastes.
The location and shape of the kidneys
The kidneys are located in the human body outside the abdominal cavity, specifically in the back. They may be located at the ends of the spine at the end of the back, and the kidneys, unlike the other members of the abdominal cavity, are located behind the abdominal mucosa. The back muscles are also surrounded by a layer of fat. Protect the kidney from damage that may be exposed, and the left kidney is slightly higher than the right kidney, and not at the same level; because the right side of the liver is much greater than the left side, and the shape of the kidney resembles a bean.
Each kidney is about 150 grams in size. Its surface consists of the cortex and the bottom of the kidney. The kidney contains the kidneys (Calyces). There are twelve halves in which the kidneys are connected together by small kidney tubes.
Kidney functions
The kidney is one of the most important vital organs in the body, and despite its small size, it performs several very important functions of the body. The kidney removes the human body from the toxic elements and purifies the blood of all chemical toxins. And poisons in the blood, as well as work is similar to the work of water purification plant.
Every single human being has two kidneys, with the possibility of a person living in one kidney as well. The whole college performs the same function and the whole task is to maintain the correct and convergent amounts of salt, water, acids and nutrients in the human body. These substances are all produced by the urine, which is a substance produced through the metabolism of proteins, and can be summarized the functions of the college with the following points:
- Purify and filter the blood, and eliminate all toxic substances in the body.
- Chemical waste disposal.
- Maintain the balance of salts and water in the human body.
- Keep the process equated with blood pH (PH), and must be within this normal ratio (7.4 – 7.2).
- Hormonal functions are released in the blood to regulate the blood pressure of the body. When the blood pressure increases, pressure is relieved by the secretion of the prostaglandin hormone.
- Activate the bone marrow; to form red blood cells, regulate the secretion process, and by secretion of the total hormone erythropoietin.
- The manufacture of rhenin, which regulates blood pressure in the body, by narrowing the arteries, and retention of water at low pressure for re-lift.
- The formation of urine; to rid the body of waste and toxins resulting from different metabolic processes.
Prevention of kidney disease
The kidney, like the rest of the body, can be exposed to many problems or any abnormalities in one of its functions. Therefore, it is possible that the kidney will become a chronic disease, which may be dangerous in some cases. The renal units within the kidney lose their ability to get rid of the waste, which leads to accumulation within the body, thus causing kidney disorders often due to chronic hypertension, diabetes, bacterial infections, and the intake of large quantities of drugs and drugs.
Kidney disease can be diagnosed by high blood urea level, and is examined through blood and urine tests and ultrasound imaging. Kidney disease and lack of function may cause fluid retention in the body. This is called edema, bone weakness and ease of breakage, sudden rise in levels Potassium, which causes weakness of the heart muscle, and the more these symptoms increased the need for dialysis or transplantation; so to maintain the kidneys, and to avoid the incidence of these diseases is advised as follows:
- Continuous and periodic detection of blood, urea levels.
- Avoid taking any type of medicine without consulting your doctor, and do not take it in large quantities and continuously, such as: Aspirin.
- Drink plenty of water, in sufficient quantity according to the amount specified daily.
- Refrain from smoking and avoid the whereabouts of smokers.
- Do not overuse alcohol.
- Maintain the normal weight of the body.
College Agriculture
The surgical operation can be used by another donor to treat acute kidney failure. The problem of this surgery is that the patient’s body is not receptive to the new kidney. To avoid this problem, the patient undergoes a series of tests to ensure that the kidney is compatible with the body. The patient who has undergone kidney transplantation of many immunosuppressive drugs, and may be undergoing dialysis after the operation; to ensure the compatibility of the new kidney with the body.