Tallness
The height of genetic traits transmitted from parents to children by genes is also influenced by many environmental factors as well. The growth of the human body is increased by the growth hormone produced by the gland. The liver stimulates the secretion of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), which increases height and helps build muscles and bones. In some cases, children may suffer from a lack of growth hormone secretion, which causes them to stop increasing their height, and requires this treatment using industrial growth hormone during childhood; to reach the appropriate length.
The age of stop height increases
Is the highest growth rate of human beings during the first year of life; the height increases about 10 inches; about 25.4 cm, and then the length increases somewhat until the child reaches the stage of adolescence; where the growth of girls start at the age of 9-10 years, The increase in the length of girls usually takes two or three years since the beginning of the menstrual cycle. In males, the growth boom begins at the age of 11 years, culminating at the age of 13 years, and continues to grow to the early twenties.
The length of the father and the mother can be calculated by dividing the length of the father and mother, dividing the output by 2, adding 12.5 cm to the division of the male children and subtracting 12.5 cm from the female division. This calculation equation is based on two factors Affecting the length of human stature, namely: heredity, sex, but should not neglect the other factors that affect the length of the individual, namely:
- nutrition.
- Physical activity.
- Health problems.
- The environment.
- Hormones.
Ways to increase length
The height can be increased during the growth phase in the following ways:
- A balanced diet, especially in the first five years of age and puberty, food should include the following:
- Proteins: Proteins are vital nutrients to increase height; they are involved in the synthesis of various body organs, bones, muscles, hormones, and foods rich in them: dairy products, eggs, soybeans, fish, and chickens.
- Vitamin D: Vitamin D deficiency leads to osteoporosis, leading to short stature, increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures, and from sources such as sunlight, fungi, eggs and fish, such as tuna and salmon.
- Vitamin A: Vitamin A deficiency inhibits normal bone growth, leading to short stature and rich foods: green leafy vegetables, dairy products, eggs, sweet potatoes, carrots, and mangoes.
- Calcium: An essential ingredient for building stronger and longer bones, and from its sources: dairy products, white sesame seeds, green leafy vegetables.
- Zinc: Zinc deficiency is associated with late growth, from oysters, chicken, eggs, pulses, nuts, and oilseeds.
- Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates provide the body with the energy needed to grow, and from its health sources: whole grains, grains, millet, roots, tubers, fruits.
- Sleep for a sufficient number of hours; because lack of sleep inhibits the secretion of growth hormone.
- Exercise: It stimulates metabolism necessary for the growth of the skeletal, muscular, and increased growth hormone secretion.
- Hormone therapy in childhood; prior to cartilage cartilage of bones.
- Surgery: including the extension of the bones of the two men; a method developed by a Russian doctor, in addition to the method of spinal screw; a nail is placed inside the bone, and can increase the length of 8 cm.
- Identify the cause of short stature, and try to cure it.
- Prolonged Telescopic Use: A telescope implanted in the bone marrow, causing its elongation.
Reasons for short stature
Short stature is often a genetic condition, but it may be a symptom of a medical condition at times, such as:
- Bone and skeletal disorders, include:
- rickets.
- Lactation: It is a congenital disorder, which affects the growth of the bones and causes the dwarfism of children.
- Some chronic diseases, such as:
- Genetic factors, including:
- Down’s syndrome.
- Nunan syndrome is a genetic genetic disorder that leads to abnormal growth in different parts of the body.
- Silver Russell Syndrome: A disease that leads to a malfunction in growth.
- Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects only females.
- William’s syndrome: is a growth disorder, affecting several parts of the body.
- Growth hormone deficiency.
- Inflammation of the fetus before birth.
- Determination of intrauterine growth; ie, intrauterine growth retardation.
- Malnutrition.
Diagnosis of causes of short stature
The doctor may take the following tests to identify the causes of short stature:
- Blood test, includes:
- Urine examination; to check kidney function.
- Nuclear pattern examination; Turner syndrome detection.
- Specific tests for some chronic diseases, lack of both: growth hormone, vitamin D.
- Orthopedic tests to predict height at young age.
- Examination of age determination of teeth; to detect growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism.
Some facts about length
Here are some facts concerning the length of human stature:
- The Dutch are the longest in the world, and the shortest are: Indonesia, Bolivia, India, and the Philippines.
- A person loses 1 cm of his height by day because spinal discs converge, but he recovers this missing centimeter during sleep.
- Genetic factors control 60% -80% of height, while environmental factors, most important of which are nutrition, control 20% -40% of human length.
- The following factors may impede height increase: smoking, food allergies, kidney problems, heart, liver, and medication, such as: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
- Cancer risk increases with height.
- Genetic mutations can lead to leprosy, and the ganglion produces an excess of growth hormone during childhood, often caused by a benign tumor in the pituitary gland.
- The length of a person begins to shrink at age 40.
- A classic study in the journal Applied Psychology found that taller people are more capable of career success and make money than shortness. One researcher points out that tallness increases self-esteem and others, which affects the functioning of individuals, how supervisors evaluate them, This in turn affects career success.
- A study published in the European Journal of Cardiology suggests that short stature is more likely to develop heart disease and blood vessels.