How microbes escape from immune cells: guerilla warfare and self-mutilation
Prof. Mohammed Labib Salem
Professor of Immunology
Faculty of Science – Tanta University
Director of the Center of Excellence for Cancer Research, Tanta University
The immune system is created by its non-specialized cells, such as macrophages, dendritic and killer cells, and its specialized cells, known as lymphocytes of the three helper, killer, and antiviral types known as antibodies, to attack the UFO and get rid of it very quickly. He invaded the body again.
These cells communicate together with two mechanisms, one by touching the shoulder through the surrounding cellular membranes, through a very precise language, such as the language called receptor language, where the receptors interconnect between the cells and affect and are activated to activate the cells and multiply and secrete very important proteins toxin the interleukins or cytokines Responsible for the other way of talking and communicating between immune cells.
Cells secrete different types of these proteins each having a specific role in the course of immune response. It increases the activity of non-specialized cells such as nitrilecone 1, which increases the activity and vitality of specialized cells such as interleukin 2. Including increased activity and vitality of both types, such as interleukin 12. Including those who kill the virus-infected cell such as interferon, including the killing of the cell infected with bacteria such as protein-analyzing cells (TNF-alpha) and so on.
There is a very important type called “chemokines”, which plays the role of calling on immune cells, whether specialized or specialized, which lives far away in the body to run to the place of the battle of the immune to participate and make the effort required. This communication and communication also occurs through specialized receptors of these chemokines to each immune cell. These proteins usually attract many cells so that the immune cells combined with the help of precision-guided bullets and incendiary chemicals also accurately target their targets in killing the microbial and any microbial cell to make the body fully immune and ready through the immune memory formed against the microbe .
But unfortunately, there is sometimes a setback, just like in wars, and the immune system in all its armies can not resist this microbial invasion. The reasons are numerous, and among the reasons that the number of microbes that invade the body is so enormous that the immune system can not completely eliminate the microbial, so the remaining microbial invasion is microbial foci spread slowly at a time that shortens or prolonged to activate the microbe again and restore the ball after being Immune cells have been exhausted.
Another reason is a weakness in the immune system itself as a result of malnutrition or insufficient sleep or psychological and neurological stress, or the use of immunosuppressive drugs or drug abuse. In this case, the immune system can not react with sufficient force and speed because it is inefficient and the time required for its activity is much slower than the rate of intracellular microbial proliferation and its cell-to-cell proliferation rate, allowing the microorganism to rapidly spread and be able to prey easily.
The other reason is the microbe slag itself. Most microbes have developed effective methods not only to escape immune cells but to inhibit the activity of the immune cells themselves. For example, many viruses renew their skin, as do snakes. After the immune cells make all their forces to identify the microbe from its skin and exhaust in the initial battle, the microbe simply shed its skin and wear another skin and so that exhausts the immune cells and causes them to frustration and confusion, In the escape and survival of his life. The bacteria also escape from the immune cells in similar ways, especially since there are many bacteria wearing what looks like petticoats on their clothes. Once the immune cells recognize this petato as a foreign body and an enemy and prepare the equipment and equipment for it and exhausts, the bacteria take off this petticoat to show off its real clothes and skin Which is absent from the eyes of immune cells and thus escape bacteria and wandering and wandering throughout the body.
It is a war of disguises, guerrilla warfare and the intelligence war on both sides of the enemy and immune cells. Another reason is that there is a kind of immune cell, unfortunately, in two ways, since the danger of these cells to the immune cells themselves is greater than the risk of the microbes, since they are supposed to be latent These cells act as a brake to limit excessive activity of the immune cells, which is due to its nature so as not to harm the body from the continuation of the battle and the death of the microbe, which may lead to autoimmune diseases. But unfortunately there are about three or more of these cells, which know how to overactivate the immune activity, use the same method, but unfortunately once the activity of immune cells began and do its job to kill the enemy.
Instead of being patient and waiting until the immune cells have finished the battle, they turn on the immune cells and stop them from starting their battle, turning from friend to enemy.
Unfortunately, these cells do not turn on their own, but under the influence of the microbial induced by the coup and bow to his orders in his favor and against the immune system. All that the microbe does is secretion of substances that know perfectly well that they are the engine behind the function of these cells.
No one knows, and research is underway to uncover these secrets. Fortunately, scientists have alerted them to these methods. They have uncovered many of them, but they have developed means to prevent this microbial escape. These means to the final image of the research and turned into a pharmaceutical product that heals patients from microbial infections characterized by the research of immune cells on the coup itself, and the drugs we eat during the microbial infection, but to increase the efficiency of immune cells to be able to repel the attack firmly and Strength or to replace the immune system that is exhausted for any reason.
What are the symptoms of microbial infection from high temperature, cold, pain, vomiting, etc., other than the means required by the immune system, the owner of either to pay attention to the battle taking place inside and leave him for any reasons that may increase or as a means to seek help and extended medicines and the like, and in all cases the immune system With all seriousness, activity and sincerity without knowing her own unless external intervention is also required for the owner.
And we can only keep this wonderful device that mounts above all the devices. It is enough that its cells do not live like other cells in the body, but move right and north, night and day. We sleep from the bottom of the foot to the hairline, searching for an enemy hiding here or there even if it is caused. To enter this enemy is the result of neglect of us, a greeting to the immune system, which, although some of its cells turned on it, because of the malice of the microbe and the blind obedience on which his sincere cells were raised. They joined the immune system and helped him to carry out his duties and did not exhaust him until he exhausted his companion.