Ozone Layer
The ozone layer can be defined as a layer that is a major part of the Earth’s atmosphere. This part contains the gas known as ozone gas. This layer is located at the bottom of the stratosphere and is also one of the layers of the atmosphere.
By ultraviolet radiation, oxygen gas is converted to ozone gas, where these rays are released from the sun and have a direct and effective effect on this layer of the atmosphere. One of the most important benefits of this layer for humans and living organisms on Earth is that they prevent ultraviolet radiation from reaching the surface of the earth.
The discovery of the ozone layer was discovered by Henry Poisson and Charles Fabry. They discovered the layer in 1908 and were able to find out more about this layer by inventing a device capable of detecting and measuring the presence of ozone gas in the stratosphere.
Ozone thickness is defined as the amount of ozone in the vertical column of the air. This amount varies according to many different factors. For example, this amount is lower in the areas through which the equator passes and increases at the North and South poles. Quantity is also different during different seasons, such as the difference between autumn and spring.
The quantities of ozone gas are decreasing. Between 1990 and 1977, the amount of ozone depleted was about 5%. Between 1990 and 1979, between 1981 and 1986, the amount of gas Has decreased by about 2.5%, and as an inevitable result of this decrease in the rate of ozone presence in the atmosphere has occurred a hole called the ozone hole over the South Pole of the globe.
In the eighth and ninth (August and September) of each year, this hole appears above the Antarctic, where it begins to widen during the autumn months until this hole disappears in November. Despite the seasonal appearance of this hole, which appears during a specific period of each year, but the problem is that this hole is increasing in size and magnitude once in a time, which suggests that significant damage in the future. The main reason for this dangerous hole is the extreme human abuse of the environment as a result of excessive selfishness, wrong industrial policies, and many other things that come from human misjudgment and disillusionment.