Nucleic acids
Are the molecules that are responsible for the storage and translation of genetic information in different organisms. DNA is found in the nucleus of the cells. It can be described as a double helical ladder consisting of two strips. It forms the chromosomes carrying the birth and physical properties of organisms. These chromosomes include genes that Carry specific genetic information. Two types of nucleic acid are present under the nucleic acids: hypoxic RNA DNA , And ribosome DNA RNA , And we will know in this article on the first type.
DNA
A word DNA Is the abbreviation for the first word: DeoxyriboNucleic Acid It is the DNA-deficient DNA, which carries the genetic information in the cell from one generation to another, so it is possible to determine the ancestors of the person, by analyzing the DNA By taking a sample of blood, hair, nails, saliva or oral cells.
DNA components
DNA can be described as a thin, long molecule made up of so-called nucleotides. These nucleotides bind to each other a column made up of phosphates and pentagrams. Sometimes nucleotides are called “bases.” There are four types of nucleotides:
- Adenine, Adenine Symbolized by the symbol A.
- Thameen, Thymine Symbolized by the symbol T.
- Saitosin, Cytosine Symbolized by the symbol C.
- Guanine, Guanine Symbolized by G.
DNA function
The cells receive instructions to perform their functions from DNA , DNA can be likened to the computer program, and the cell is the computer to be run, the program is the one that gives instructions to the computer how to do its functions, in simple words, DNA It stores genetic material, transmits genetic traits from parents to grandparents.
Facts related to DNA
- The DNA of each person on the planet is similar to that of other people by 99.9%, and only 0.1% is different from one person to another, which makes people different from each other.
- Dr. James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA in 1953.
- If all the DNA molecules in the body are disassembled and stretched straight, they will reach the sun and return several times.
- The first time DNA was defined and isolated as a separate molecule was by Frederick Messcher of Switzerland in 1869.