Nervous system
It is one of the organs of the human body. It contains a group of cells that contribute to the body’s influence on the surrounding environmental conditions, temperature and pain. It has an important role in many of the processes that take place inside the body, such as breathing regulation and heartbeat, To the brain to implement, for example: When a person wants to prepare a cup of tea begins to think about it, and then direct his mind to prepare his tea, and this function, and other functions through information transmitted by the nervous system, so it can be similar to the network in terms of communication in terms of The nature of his work, and its spread throughout the g cm.
Components of the nervous system
The nervous system consists of a group of cells, which are linked to specific functions in the human body, and divide these cells into two types:
nervous cells
Are the main cells of the nervous system, which are built on, and functions through, and is characterized by the transfer of information quickly, and often distributed in the form of a series, to exchange information between them, called the point of contact between nerve cells clamp, and consists of neurons of two types, Parts, according to the following order:
- Types of Neurons:
- Neuromuscular cell: A cell that sends information to the muscles to help it move.
- Sensory neuronal cell: A cell that collects information from all places within the human body and transmits it to the brain.
- Neural cell parts:
- Body: The main component of a cell, which collects information, processes it, and prepares it for transmission to the designated space.
- Branches: They are tree-like branches that connect nerve cells together and receive signals from other cells around neurons.
- Axis: It transmits signals from the neuron to the rest of the cells, surrounded by membranes made up of fat, isolates it from the surrounding components, and helps to speed up the transmission of information.
Supporting cells
Are cells that function to support and provide protection for neurons. It consists of many species that specialize in a range of functions, such as supplying neurons with the necessary food, and they are five times more numerous than neurons.
Types of nervous system
The nervous system in the human body is divided into two types:
Central
It performs the main neurological functions, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, receiving, processing and transmitting information, and processing to perform basic functions in the human body such as learning, reading, writing, etc. The central nervous system extends from the brain inside the human skull, Spinal cord distributed within the spine.
The ocean
Is a device that surrounds the central nervous system, and consists of fibers, and nerve cells located outside the central nervous system, and the transmission of signals from him, and to him, so is the main function of connecting the central body to other organs, although they are separated from each other, but each role complementary to the other .
Diseases of the nervous system
The nervous system is exposed to several diseases affecting it, and all other parts of the body, including:
- Epilepsy, which is associated with the occurrence of different neurological attacks in its impact on humans.
- Parkinson, named for the world he discovered, a disease that loses the brain control of the nerves.
- Depression, a mental illness that affects the mind, sends negative emotions such as sadness, and affects the patient badly.