Depression
Major depressive disorder is defined as a health problem affecting a person’s life, behavior, and feelings. Depression is a common disorder, affecting one person in fifteen. Depression can occur at any age, but it often appears for the first time in late teens or mid-20s. Women are more likely to develop depression.
Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, is an important part of the treatment of some mental disorders, including depression. This type of treatment aims at finding solutions instead of just talking about problems. For example, the focus of psychotherapy To talk about the present primarily to enable the person to adapt to the present and prepare for the future, and the presence of confidence, participation, cooperation, communication, and the ability to understand and understand and take positions are important parts of different types of psychological treatment.
Behavioral cognitive therapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy is a method of treatment used in depression where Cognitive Therapy is integrated – the knowledge of the effect of a person’s thoughts on his feelings and behavioral therapy (in English: Behavioral Therapy) – Attempting to change a person’s behavior towards situations that need to be challenged – and the cooperation of the person is important to increase the effectiveness of treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy, for example, aims to help a person identify the spontaneous thoughts and basic beliefs that contribute to his negative feelings. For example, he thinks that all human beings are bad because of one bad person or believe that all people should love him without exception. As for behavioral therapy, it is initiated when achieving a degree of mental restlessness and stability, by taking measures that help him to return to his normal life and pay his way towards his goals by encouraging him to practice hobbies and spend time with friends if depression has caused social isolation For example, a person can be directed under supervision to confront situations and people who, for example, cause fear.
Social therapy
Interpersonal Therapy is a treatment used in depression. Social therapy focuses on what is happening right now and where it is, and does not care about focusing on the motives and thoughts of the unconscious, a time-specific, goal-oriented treatment. He is interested in knowing the symptoms, role, and social relationships of the person, and aims to help the person to change behaviors – not change personality – and learn new skills to help alleviate the symptoms rather than just absorb his actions and reactions.
The therapist can help the patient to recall the symptoms and linked to one of the following things to be able to refute positions and alleviate the symptoms and tension:
- Sadness about losing something or one.
- Differences with others.
- A change in a person’s life, such as moving to a new job, for example.
- Isolation and loss of social skills.
Dynamic Psychotherapy
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy or Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy relies on a person’s writing of all thoughts in his head, helping him to understand the pattern of his actions and statements that may play a role in his problems.
Counseling and counseling
Counseling and Counseling aims to identify the problems facing a person and try to find ways to deal with them under the supervision of the therapist who helps the patient to find solutions without telling him exactly what to do. Treatment with counseling is appropriate for healthy people suffering from a current crisis only, such as loss of a person, problems with interpersonal relationships, infertility, inability to conceive, serious illness, etc.
Drug therapy and therapeutic procedures
Antidepressants
Antidepressants help reduce the symptoms of the disease, and there are many types. The patient may respond to one type of the other. Most cases of moderate and severe depression respond, but this is not a condition. One or two weeks for four weeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug. Antidepressants include:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors help to increase the neurotransmitter serotonin, which is believed to be responsible for mood improvement. Examples include paroxetine, fluoxetine and Citalopram.
- Tricyclic antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants help increase Serotonin and Noradrenaline in the brain, which improves mood. The duration of the effectiveness of tricyclic antidepressants is longer than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Examples include imipramine and Amitriptyline.
- Sertonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors: Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors are relatively new drugs, and although they are more effective than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, they are not much used because they may cause an increase In blood pressure. Examples include Venlafaxine and Duloxetine.
Other treatments
In addition to antidepressants, there are some treatments that may help to control depression, including:
- Lithium: Lithium is added to antidepressant drugs when there is no response and improvement after the use of different antidepressants. Lithium has two types: Lithium Carbonate and Lithium Citrate. It should be noted that the high level of lithium in the blood may be toxic, so a blood analysis must be performed every three months, and stay away from diets with low salt because it may cause the rise in blood.
- The herb of St. John: St John’s Wort is sometimes used to treat depression, but doctors do not usually recommend it because of the difference in the amount of active ingredient between different types. It may cause problems when used with several types of treatments such as anticonvulsants Anticonvulsants, Antidepressants, Anticoagulants, and Oral Contraceptives.
- Brain stimulation therapy: Brain stimulation is used in severe depression when not responding to previous treatments. This method has many types, including Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, which involves the installation of small electrodes on the head that send a low current The brain’s energy stimulates brain functions to relieve symptoms of depression, and there is a repetitive magnetic stimulation of the brain in which an electromagnetic file is directed to the head, sending repeated impulses and With fixed frequencies of electromagnetic energy, which stimulates the brain.