Categories Psychological Health

Types and symptoms of mental illness

Types and symptoms of mental illness

psychological diseases

Also known as mental disorders, which are the diseases and disorders that lead to abnormal change in human behavior, psychology, cognitive functions and behavior, in addition to the imbalance in the ability to control the person’s feelings, resulting in the emergence of symptoms of psychological and behavioral strange adversely affect his life, work and study , And its relationship with people.

And mental disorders are many and many types, and can be suffered by adults and young ones, with the possibility of the injury of each age of a particular disease, and the symptoms caused by each psychiatric illness different from the symptoms caused by another psychiatric illness, and the diagnosis of mental disorders is done by the doctor, By knowing the symptoms experienced by the patient, to find out which disease the patient means.

Types and symptoms of mental illness

There is a wide range of mental disorders that can be experienced by the human race, and can be divided into the disorders of adults and diseases affecting young adults, and the mental health of adults:

Depression and its symptoms

Depression is one of the most common mood disorders, along with Bipolar disorder, where the casualty loses interest in daily activities, affects his or her thoughts and emotions, and reaches 12% of the person. , But is often the height of infection in the twenties of the person’s age, and when people suffering from chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and stroke, depression; mortality rates increase in this category, it is worth noting that attention must be paid to this disorder; In people with depression, And they may also notify their ideas to kill the others.

To diagnose an individual as a person with depression, a person must have at least five of the following symptoms for at least two weeks, provided that the symptoms he or she has on the first or second symptom of the five symptoms include:

  • The person suffers from a depressed mood most of his time.
  • Loss of enjoyment of happy and happy activities.
  • Change in appetite (either down or upward).
  • Feeling of insignificance or guilt.
  • Insomnia or increase the number of hours of sleep.
  • Low concentration.
  • Feeling tired and tired.
  • Emotion.
  • To be aware of frequent suicidal thoughts.
These symptoms should not be the result of a person’s addiction to a particular substance or medication, and not the result of another physical illness, such as stroke or increased thyroid secretions. These symptoms should affect a person’s social and practical life.
If the symptoms of depression occurred in the patient at least once and did not mix with the symptoms of mania of delirium grandeur, increasing self-confidence as well as increasing the activity of the person, and lack of need for normal hours of sleep, in addition to increasing the person’s speech and the acceleration of his ideas inattentive, and take quick decisions and decisive hasty ; The person is diagnosed with depressive disorder.

Mania and its symptoms

It is an abnormal rise in mood or disturbance, in addition to increasing the person’s interest in activities with high goals, and high in the person’s energy, and these symptoms continue to appear for a week at the person. To be diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder, you should have at least three of the following symptoms or four symptoms if you have a mood disorder:

  • Dispersion.
  • Feeling of greatness.
  • High-activity activities are high, and may be social, work-related, or gender-related.
  • Decrease the person’s need to sleep.
  • The occurrence of volatile ideas.
  • Excessive chatter.
  • Frequent participation in activities that bring happiness even if the consequences are severe, in addition to taking actions, and taking rash decisions.

Schizophrenia and its symptoms

It is worth mentioning that schizophrenia can cause social and medical consequences that negatively affect the patient. The schizophrenic patient may suffer from psychosis, which means separation of the person from reality, The percentage of people with schizophrenia is 0.3% -0.7%.

The symptoms of schizophrenia can be divided into three groups:

  • Positive symptoms: The positive symptoms that a schizophrenic patient may suffer include: hallucinations, as if he sees or smells strange, non-existent or familiar things, is not shared or seen by anyone else, and the patient can hear sounds that tell him to do things or warn him of an abomination or danger that can affect him , And a schizophrenic patient may suffer from falsehood, such as falsehood and mistaken beliefs, that someone controls his or her own mind, or that the person thinks himself to be someone else. The patient may also behave strangely and speak in an unintelligible way. Suffering from schizophrenia, will be an opportunity to respond to drugs The best antipsychotic.
  • Negative symptoms: The negative symptoms that a schizophrenic patient may suffer include: the patient’s indifference, the loss of pleasure in the beautiful things, the lack of pleasure in doing activities that the natural person can enjoy, the paucity or scarcity of speech, and the unhappiness of the sad things others are affected by Laughing at the sad things or looking upset when you hear good things, the patient feels empty or hollow, in addition to lack or lack of interest in social life, and these symptoms if the patient shows that the patient’s condition is worse, and may not respond to patients suffering from drugs Psychosis, where The patient tends to social isolation.
  • Cognitive Symptoms: Cognitive symptoms in some schizophrenic patients may be unnoticeable, but in others these symptoms are more severe and noticeable, affecting their work, careers, and education. These symptoms include poor attention and concentration, poor operational functions and practical memory.

Psychiatric diseases affecting young people

Mental disability and its symptoms

Mental retardation has recently been replaced by mental disability. The problem is very weak in the performance of cognitive, social and adaptive functions. The severity of the disability is determined by the severity of the child’s adaptive capacity. In the past, doctors relied on IQ to determine the severity of mental disability and were replaced The ability of the child to adapt, adapts to human ability to interact with society effectively at all levels, and to be able to take care of himself.

The mental disability patient suffers from the following:

  • Deficit in intellectual functions; such as problem solving, logic, planning, governance, and learning.
  • Disability in adaptive functions, such as communication and social participation, and the child’s ability to take care of himself.
  • Symptoms must begin at the stage of child development and development.
  • Disability must affect several aspects of a child’s life, namely conceptual, social and practical.
  • Mental deficit (intellectual), and is determined by standardized tests.
  • Always needs help doing life functions.
  • The mental disability is divided into: light, medium, deep and deep.

Specific learning disorder and its symptoms

It means a delay in the development of knowledge in a particular academic field. The child has challenges and difficulties in learning to read and write and arithmetic, often with children with attention deficit and hyperactivity, and affects boys more than girls.

Children in this disorder suffer from:

  • A significant and significant weakness in academic skills, which is less than expected of the skills possessed by children of the same age as the child.
  • This disorder begins when the child enters school, increases as the child progresses, and increases the academic skills required to achieve them.
  • The affected areas are: reading, writing, or numerology.

Communication Disorders and Symptoms

It includes speech and language disorders, or the ability to socialize less than expected from the social capacities of the child’s age, leading to problems in the child’s academic achievement or adaptability.

The child suffers from the following:

  • Problems in language, where the child suffers from the use of language either to lack of vocabulary that he knows, or low ability to make sentences, or weakness in his ability to dialogue.
  • Dyslexia, where the child suffers from a problem in making sounds or in the clarity of the child’s speech.
  • Stuttering.
  • Problems in the child’s ability to socialize.

Attention deficit and hyperactivity and symptoms

The child’s low concentration, hyperactivity and impulsivity are characterized by the development and development of the child. There are two types of symptoms that can be seen in the ADHD:

  • At least six symptoms of ADHD are:
    • Failed to focus closely on detail or make mistakes.
    • Difficult to keep his focus on something specific.
    • Do not love listening.
    • Problems following instructions.
    • Difficulty organizing.
    • Avoid tasks that require thinking.
    • It has been easily eaten.
    • It is easily distracted.
  • There are at least six symptoms of impulse and hyperactivity without the presence of symptoms of attention deficit, or both, and symptoms of impulse and hyperactivity are:
    • Difficult to stay on his seat.
    • Difficult to stay in quiet activities.
    • Difficult to keep hands and feet in place, and twisting in the seat while sitting on it.
    • Running hard and climbing stairs where it is difficult to stay calm in place.
    • Hyper talk.
    • Answer before you complete the question.
    • Difficult to wait.
    • Boycott others.
Symptoms should last for more than six months and appear in different places, such as school and home. For example, symptoms must appear before the age of 12, and symptoms should not be the result of another mental illness.

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Symptoms

The child is characterized by weak social interaction, weak social communication ability, and frequent restrictive behaviors, and the patient suffers from autism spectrum disorder of the following:

  • Problems with interaction and social communication, so that the child suffers from his inability to engage in dialogue, or inability to communicate with other communication skills such as communication with the eye, and the child’s lack of interest in his peers.
  • Do specific behaviors frequently, such as frequent applause or being fond of doing something unusual.
  • These strange behaviors start in the early growth and development phase.