Pulmonary tuberculosis
If we follow several past decades, noting the decline and decline in the number of people with TB, we will find that it has returned to increase, especially in developed countries, and this can be attributed to several reasons, including the increase in the incidence of HIV / AIDS, Of drugs and drugs that inhibit the immune system, which in turn reduces the ability of the body to deal with the factors harmful to the body, and the poor social and economic situation in general, in addition to the increasing numbers of delegations from the areas affected by tuberculosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
In contrast, the number of people in developing countries is between 20 and 50 times higher than in others. TB is one of the leading causes of death, even if it is the only infection in a person without being accompanied by another immune disease such as AIDS, From the deseases.
Mechanism of disease occurrence
It is known that pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the respiratory diseases, especially the lungs, which affects the alveoli in particular. In the sense that after a particular type of bacteria, called mycobacterium or TB bacteria, a series of immune and inflammatory factors and processes occur. In the inside of the body and in the lungs leading to the occurrence and the so-called “cavities” in the small alveoli, which are formed by the division and growth of this type of bacteria inside, and this results in several symptoms will be mentioned in the following paragraphs.
It is also possible to have a type of allergies, which in turn cause death or necrosis in the tissues. At this stage of the disease, the doctor can see and follow how the disease developed using the samples and histology examination in the laboratories and clearly.
The infection of the bacteria directly called the initial tuberculosis TB, these bacteria are collected in the alveoli and can even leak some of them into the bloodstream, and every area in the body where the bacteria settle there, and stimulates the immune cells to move to those areas, resulting in this hardening And calcification.
Symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis
Twenty percent (20%) of the cases where tissue stiffness and calcification occurs in infected areas still contain pneumococcal bacteria called latent pulmonary tuberculosis. These bacteria are characterized by regaining their activity in cases of low level of physical immunity for any reason Reactivate and strengthen existing bacteria or re-infect new bacteria. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis causes its own symptoms ranging from simple to non-noticeable to acute and distressing, we include the following:
- In most cases, primary pulmonary tuberculosis is inactive and without any symptoms.
- In other cases, it is of a vague, incomprehensible or defined nature and is a bit of coughing and sneezing.
- Redness or congestion in the chest may appear as a “crystal” for a temporary period.
- Inflammation of the lymph nodes that press the bronchi and this may lead to narrowing or even reimbursement in certain parts of the lungs.
Symptoms on body organs
Although these symptoms are present, the patient does not show the signs of fatigue or severe fatigue that ring the alarm bell. The characteristic of pulmonary tuberculosis is that it not only affects the respiratory system, it also affects other organs in the body. In the emergence of different symptoms may be the doctor to determine the source or cause, these symptoms are the most common here:
- Digestive system: Infection causes the accumulation of fluids in the abdomen leading to swelling and may cause pain in the patient.
- Urinary and reproductive organs: Infection may reach and cause pain, or in some cases to inflammation of the fallopian tube in females or epididymis in males.
- Central nervous system: Symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis may initially appear as meningitis symptoms, which are: high body temperature, headache or severe headache, unbalance, general wasting, joint pain, muscle pain in the eye, difficulty In vision.
- The skeletal system causes pulmonary tuberculosis to cause inflammation in the joints. The patient suffers from acute pain, difficulty moving and using it, especially in the elderly.
- Skin: irritations get on the skin and have a distinctive shape of their own.
- A patient with pulmonary tuberculosis can only complain of pain and problems in the eyes only.
- Heart: This affects the surrounding membrane called Tamor.
- The suprarenal or “adrenal” gland: it may cause the disease of Addison.
- The lymph nodes in the body: the difference in places and number, but the most influential are the parallel groups of trachea and pulmonary.
Secondary pulmonary tuberculosis
Is the result of the activation of bacteria within the body of the person who had been infected in a previous period, and it should be noted that this situation is more difficult to detect and diagnose and thus delayed treatment, and affects the elderly mostly for the multiple reasons of low immunity, either to progress in Old, or because they are often chronically ill and have a reduced immune status in general or to treat some of the drugs – as we have mentioned – inhibitory immune system in the body, so attention should be paid to any new symptoms appear to them for not delay diagnosis and treatment.
It is important to mention that this type of pulmonary tuberculosis has the exclusive ability to cause the death of the patient if not treated, of course in addition to the symptoms that we mentioned characterized by the elderly and this type of symptoms of others:
- Low weight.
- General wasting is followed by a rise in body temperature.
- Note the swelling of the spleen and liver when a special imaging examination is done.
The most important thing to say is that this disease is one of the most serious diseases to which a person is exposed. Preventing and trying to get rid is not easy, and its side effects increase the body’s physical gravity. On a healthy body, free from most of the symptoms of chronic diseases and their causes, health is the crown of life anyway.