Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease that affects both human and animal. It is common for tuberculosis to affect the respiratory system only, but in fact it may affect any part of the internal human organs, and the infection would spread in cases of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a serious disease if treatment is neglected and may lead to death. It is also a cause of death in many people in developing and poor countries, especially where HIV prevalence rates are high and the body can not resist bacteria.
Tuberculosis is transmitted by air, spray or contact with contaminated surfaces. In many cases, the immune system destroys the disease shortly after infection and no severe symptoms. In many cases, tuberculosis causes very severe pneumonia when transmitted. Infection may spread to the rest of the body.
In other cases, the infection is transmitted to the healthy person by breathing, but the immune system tries to eliminate it. The bacteria settle inside the lungs for a long period of time that may extend for several years until the immune system weakens and activates the bacteria again. This condition is more prevalent than direct infection and occurs especially in people with immunosuppressive diseases, which are prevalent in poor countries or in elderly people who are starting to be weakened.
Although there are easy treatments and immunization campaigns by many countries to eradicate TB recently, it has re-emerged in the form of new strains resistant to antibiotics used in treatment, and spread particularly in areas where the spread of HIV Or AIDS in Central and West Africa. There are many factors that contribute to the spread of tuberculosis and its transformation into epidemic disease in some cases, the most important factors are the overcrowding experienced by many large cities and poor resources, and the malnutrition that accompanies the population of developing countries, leading to the weakness of their immune system and The inability to resist the disease, the housing and the unhealthy environment with poor ventilation, in addition to the lack of precautions when dealing with patients or suspected of becoming infected with the disease, where many workers in hospitals and health centers infected