Sexual diseases
Sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) are sexually transmitted diseases; microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses pass through body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal secretions, etc. These organisms are in other ways other than sexual contact; they are transmitted from mother to fetus through pregnancy or childbirth, or through transmission of blood or the sharing of needles used between people.
Examples of sexual diseases include:
- Chlamydia Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases (STIs), often because there are no symptoms of it. In the event of symptoms, it usually occurs after one to three weeks of sexual contact. Infection may be transmitted from the pregnant mother to her child during childbirth, resulting in harm to the child.
- Gonorrhea Gonorrhea: This disease may affect the genitals, the anus, and the throat. Some men have no symptoms at all, and most often women do not show symptoms. When symptoms develop, they may be mistakenly diagnosed as inflammation of the bladder or vagina and may move from the pregnant mother to the baby during childbirth.
- Syphilis Syphilis is a disease that can cause serious complications and health problems if not treated. The disease is divided into several stages. The first stage is characterized by scarring and ulcers around the location of the infection such as the genitals, mouth, and anus. The second stage shows a skin rash. Some wounds may appear in mucous membranes such as the nose, vagina, and anus. There are no symptoms at the later stage, called the underlying stage, and if the patient moves to the final stage, which usually does not affect people, the patient is experiencing serious health problems such as problems of the heart, brain, nervous system and others. The disease may be transmitted to the child before birth, and lead to an increase in the probability of having a low-weight child, premature birth, or a stillborn child, so the test should be performed at least once during pregnancy. If the test result is positive, Treatment immediately.
- Bacterial vaginitis (Bacterial Vaginosis): A disorder in the natural balance between beneficial bacteria and harmful bacteria in the vagina. It is known that multiple sexual contact or the presence of a new partner may cause a disturbance in the balance of vaginal bacteria, and if any symptoms should be consulted with a doctor for treatment, and may return the disease again even after treatment.
- AIDS or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: This disease causes the human immunodeficiency virus, which travels through various body fluids. The disease affects T cells in the body’s immune system, which help the immune system to eliminate And reduces the number of infections, which makes the body very vulnerable to infection, and the occurrence of infections, and some types of cancers related to the presence of infections and infection.
- In the first stage, acute HIV infection, the patient may develop symptoms similar to flu symptoms within two to four weeks of infection, such as chills in the body, high temperature , Rash, general tiredness and exhaustion, and may last from a few days to several weeks.
- In the second stage, the clinical latency, there are no symptoms of the disease, and may continue in people who have not taken treatment for ten years or more, while in people who take treatment may last for a few decades, and for the third and final stage of the disease , The stage of AIDS or so-called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; it is the most severe stages; where the immune system has been severely affected, and increase the chance of disease, and show the patient symptoms of bloating and swelling of the lymph nodes, chills in the body, Loss of weight, and High body temperature, and others. It is worth mentioning that the infected person can live at this stage for a period of approximately three years without treatment.
- Herpes Herpes: There are two types of the virus; the first affects the area of the mouth and the face, the second type is that affects the genitals, and transmitted through physical contact, and the introduction of the virus through mucous membranes such as the cervix or through the cracks of the skin. Often there are no symptoms of the disease, but if the symptoms appear to have a clear effect in the general health of the patient, may return the infection again, and may cause serious complications in individuals with low immunity.
- Human papillomavirus Human Papillomavirus is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. The virus has several types, some of which may lead to genital warts or some cancers such as penile cancer and vaginal cancer. It is essential to take the vaccine to prevent the infection of health problems resulting from infection.
- Hepatitis B and C : A viral infection that affects the liver, usually transmitted by direct contact with the blood of the infected person, and is transmitted by a small percentage through sexual contact, as the virus may exist in semen or vaginal discharge.
- Trichomoniasis (Trichomoniasis): caused by parasites called Trichomonas vaginalis (Trichomonas vaginalis) and transmitted through sexual contact. Often does not cause symptoms, and if symptoms appear, they may be similar to the symptoms associated with most sexually transmitted diseases.
- Urethritis Urethritis is the inflammation of the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It differs from urinary tract infection, caused by several different types of bacteria, and may be caused by some sexually transmitted viruses.
Symptoms associated with sexually transmitted diseases
The symptoms may vary, and sometimes there are no symptoms, and the various symptoms that may result from infection are ulcers or bruising on the genitals, oral cavity or anal, pain and burning during urination, discharge of the penis, Unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge of peculiar odors, pain and aches in the lower abdomen, high body temperature, a rash on the trunk and limbs, and other different symptoms.
Diagnosis of sexual diseases
Laboratory tests are used to determine and determine the cause of people who have symptoms of sexual diseases. These tests include the following:
- blood test: It is used to confirm the incidence of AIDS and late stages of syphilis. In the case of HIV testing, the period in which the test is given is a positive result, depending on the type of test being used; Rapid antibody test is used. Rapid examination of antibodies and antigen combination test (Rapid antibody / antigen combination test) This test can detect the presence of an antigen in the form of p24. It also uses the RNA test. Positive results are shown based on the presence of the virus, but it is not available to everyone because of its high cost, Polymerase chain (English Polymerase Chain Reaction Tests are used to measure the number and number of viruses in people who show a positive result of the virus. It is also used to examine children whose mothers show positive results for the virus. It was also approved by the World Food and Drug Administration in the fall of 2000 to use equipment and home inspection panels.
- Urine examination: Some sexual diseases are diagnosed by urine examination and analysis.
- Examination of liquids: For example, a chlamydia infection may be diagnosed by taking a swab from the cervix of the woman and a swab of the urethra for the man to be analyzed and examined in a laboratory.
Treatment of sexual diseases
The treatment of sexually transmitted diseases depends on the type of infection, and often the treatment of infection caused by bacteria easier, and the infection caused by the virus can be controlled but can not be always cured, and the following treatments are used:
- Antibiotics: It can be used to treat sexual diseases caused by bacteria and parasites such as gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis. It is necessary to follow treatment, abstain from sex until full healing and healing of ulcers.
- Antivirals: For example, these drugs can reduce the risk of re-infection with herpes virus if the prescribed treatment is taken daily and regularly, but its use does not prevent the transmission of herpes infection to the partner. The use of more than one anti-retroviral therapy helps control the symptoms of AIDS. This helps to prolong the patient’s life, keep him healthy and reduce the chance of transmitting the disease to other people. Correct daily.
Complications of sexually transmitted diseases
Sexually transmitted infections can lead to various problems and complications in men and women. The severity of complications varies depending on the type of disease, some of which may lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Fallopian tubes, infertility, Incidence of ectopic pregnancy, premature birth, increased risk of HIV infection, and other sexually transmitted diseases. Some may cause inflammation of the urethra in men, bulimia, infections in the anus, pain in the channels related to the testicle, and others.
Fungal inflammation of the vagina is not a sexually transmitted disease
Vaginal yeast infection (Vaginal yeast infection) is one of the most common infections among women. It is caused by several types of fungi, most commonly white ovaries or Candida. Sexual intercourse may cause this type of inflammation, but it is in fact not considered a sexually transmitted disease and is not limited to sexual intercourse.