Down’s syndrome
Down Syndrome is known as triglyceride 21, Outnathar Down, or triglycerides G , And usually occurs as a result of the change in chromosomes, where there is an additional copy of the chromosome 21, or part of it in the cells, resulting in a change in genes, in addition to the structure of the body, and can be detected by amniotic fluid during pregnancy, or from During the examination of fetal chromosomes in the mother’s blood, or through detailed ultrasound, in this article we will inform you about the disease of Duane syndrome.
Causes of Down Syndrome
- The risk of developing a fetus with Down syndrome increases as the mother progresses, although most of the infected children are born to mothers under the age of 35.
- If the father’s age is over forty years.
- If there is another child in the family suffering from Down Syndrome.
Symptoms of Down Syndrome
- Two legs and two hands are short.
- Weakness in the joints muscles, especially in childhood, then improves the level of nervous tension.
- Small mouth size.
- A small circular face with two full cheeks.
- Low IQ.
- Wallpaper of flat head.
- Flat nose.
- The tongue is large.
- Excessive skin in the back of the neck.
- Eyes tilted up with folds in the inner nook of the eyelids.
- Weak physical growth, mental abilities.
Types of Down Syndrome
- The Twenty-first Triangle: The number of chromosomes is 21 times more than twice, so that the number of chromosomes is 47 instead of 46 chromosomes per cell. This is the highest proportion of people with Down’s syndrome, with 95% of the cases.
- Chromatography: In this type, chromosome 21 is dissociated and adheres to another chromosome, usually with the following dyes 15, 14, 13, 21, or 22, which accounts for 4% of the injuries.
- Type of mosaic: In this type, the body of the infected child contains two types of cells, some of which contain the normal number of chromosomes, ie 46, while others on 47 dyes, and this type is about 1% of the infected.
Complications of Down Syndrome
- Dysfunction of the heart muscle.
- Intestinal disorders.
- Some eye problems occur.
- Some hearing problems occur.
- Frequent infections in the ear.
- Hypothyroidism.
- Weak immune system so that the patient is more susceptible to infection.
- Dysplasia of the hip.
- Sleep apnea during sleep.
- Softness of neck joints, and instability.
Treatment of Down Syndrome
- To provide health care to the infected child by detecting the disease immediately and by trying to reduce his or her continuous infection by giving him the necessary vaccinations.
- Training and education, by enrolling him in specialized schools if his condition is advanced, large, and can be registered in regular schools if his mental level is good.
- Enter it to the rehabilitation centers.
- Exercise to strengthen muscles, raise morale, and subject to professional and natural treatment.
- Providing employment opportunities for adults with Duane syndrome.
- Support the parents as much as possible, understand the natural disease, and help them cope with trauma.