Diabetes
Is a disease or chronic disease, is the result of metabolic disorder, abnormal rise in the concentration of sugar in the blood, which resulted from the need for insulin hormone, or low sensitivity of the tissues of the body of insulin, so that the member of the pancreas in the body to produce insulin in sufficient quantities, and insulin Sugar regulates the blood, or both.
Diabetes can lead to serious complications, and may cause premature death, and this over time may cause significant damage to the body organs, especially in blood vessels and nerves, but the person with diabetes can follow certain steps and procedures to control the disease, and minimize as much as possible When a person finishes eating, the food in the body is broken down into glucose, then the blood moves to the rest of the cells. Thus, the majority of human body cells need insulin; To allow glucose into cells From the middle to the inside of the cells.
As a result of diabetes, the cells of the body remain thirsty and need energy. Because glucose is not converted into energy, so there are excess amounts of glucose in the blood, and with the passage of years and a long period of time develop a high incidence of sugar in the blood, Blood vessels and nerves, heart disease, cardiac arrest, stroke, blindness, and gum infections.
General symptoms of diabetes
- Frequent urination, and at times close to each other.
- Persistent feeling of thirst.
- Always feeling hungry.
- Gradually lower patient weight for unclear reasons.
- Feeling tired when exercising any light effort.
- Blurred vision, poor vision.
- Many infections in the urinary bladder, gums, and skin.
- Slow healing and healing of wounds to the diabetic.
Causes of diabetes
- Overweight.
- Family History.
- Lack of physical and physical activity.
- Age: The risk of developing diabetes increases as people age, especially those older than 45 years.
- Gestational diabetes.
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Examination and diagnosis
Most cases of diabetes are discovered only by chance. When a person has a blood test or any general examination, the disease is diagnosed.
If someone is diagnosed with diabetes, the doctor will ask for other tests and tests to determine the type of diabetes.
Tests for the detection of diabetes
The test is done by measuring the sugar through the finger doubt, which is a test less expensive than other tests, which is easier and faster than them, all that is required is a point of blood from the finger of the hand, and then put the blood point on the device to measure the pressure of sugar, Sugar is more than 126 milligrams, so the patient should do a sugar test during fasting.
Periodic testing of sugar
A periodic blood glucose test should be performed with any periodic blood test. A blood sample is drawn from the arm of the person in the laboratory. Be sure to keep your food before the test. Some foods may raise blood levels.
Test the sugar during fasting
The blood sugar rises after the food, which is normal, while the fasting period decreases especially during the night. Therefore, it is always preferable to take a blood test after fasting for at least 8 hours, and then take a blood sample from the vein and examine it.
Sugar tolerance test
This test is one of the tests performed during pregnancy to ensure that there is no high sugar content in the blood. This test is done by drinking approximately 226 fluids after a period of fasting, , After every hour of drinking liquids, and lasts for a period of not less than three hours, and if the tests showed a sudden rise in sugar level, the result is that the pregnant woman suffers from diabetes.
Types of diabetes
Diabetes Type I
Is a disease resulting from the lack of production of insulin, and this requires the use of insulin daily, and it is noted scientifically and through research did not know the cause of this disease, which appears sometimes in the early period of human life, and can not be prevented, The symptoms of this type are:
- Hyperpigmentation.
- Feeling very thirsty.
- Change and decrease in sense of sight.
- Feel tired from exercising any effort.
- The constant feeling of extreme hunger.
- Lose a lot of weight.
Diabetes Type II
This disease was previously called diabetes, which is not dependent on diabetes or insulin, appears in the adult stage, because of the ineffective use of insulin in the body, and what should be mentioned is that 90% of the cases of diabetes, has reached about 150 million people, These cases are of type 2 and are expected to increase by 2025 to 330 million people, due to overweight and lack of physical activity.
The symptoms of this pattern are very similar to the symptoms of the first type, but they do not appear very often in many cases, so the disease may be diagnosed and discovered after a lot of time on the emergence of symptoms and complications.
Any possibility of infection – especially for a person who has a healthy body weight and physical fitness – is very low, even if he has some sort of drop in insulin secretion, but a person who is fat and not fit, the likelihood of diabetes is large; because it is more vulnerable and potentially The main causes of this obesity, changes in some types of food eaten by the person, and lack of physical activity, some foods and foods are common caused by diabetes; because they are full of sugars and fats absorbed by blood quickly and Monster, and this results in increased insulin resistance, causing a rise in blood pressure gradually, characteristic disorders of the fat accumulated in the blood, and excessive blood pressure, and high glucose in the blood.
Risk of diabetes
- It can cause damage to blood vessels, kidneys, eyes and nerves, and also damage the heart.
- Stroke, heart disease, and cardiovascular disease, these diseases may cause the death of 50% of people with diabetes.
- Poor blood flow, which increases the incidence of neuropathy, which increases the foot ulcers, and thus amputation of infected limbs.
- As a result of damage to the blood vessels within the retina, after 15 years of living with the disease, about 2% are blind and 10% have severe visual impairment.
- Diabetes causes renal failure, resulting in death of 10-20% of people with the disease.
- Diabetic neuropathy: This is a disease that affects the nerves of diabetic laziness and damage, and affects 50% of people with this disease, and the symptoms resulting from it, the occurrence of pain or pain or numbness or weakness in the hands and feet.
- The death rate among people with diabetes is greater and more likely than not.
Complications of gestational diabetes
- Hyperthyroidism.
- Hypoglycemia.
- the death.
- Jaundice.
- Type II diabetes at an advanced age.