Urinary infection
The urinary system in the human consists of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. The kidneys remove blood from waste and excess water in the form of urine, passing through the ureters to the bladder where it is collected and then removed through the urethra. Urinary tract infection occurs when any member of the urinary tract is infected with a bacterial infection.
The disease is the second most common infectious disease – after respiratory infection – and is more common in adults than in children and in women before the age of fifty years, than in men (40% of females are infected with urinary incontinence compared to 12% of men) , And may be due to the anatomical differences of the urinary system in men and women, as the urethra in women shorter.
Causes of urinary tract infection and risk factors
The urine, when released from the urethra, is sterile. However, it can be infected with a type of bacteria called Escherichia coli. It is known as E. coli, a bacteria that lives in the intestine. The infection occurs when the bacteria move to the urethra and from the ureters And kidneys.
Factors that lead to the transmission of these bacteria (risk factors):
Symptoms of urinary incontinence
The most important symptoms of urinary incontinence include:
- Feeling pain and burning when urinating.
- The color of the urine changes so that it becomes dark, pink, or red.
- Having a foul smell of urine.
- incontinence.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Fever and chills.
- Pain in the back under the ribs directly, usually on one side of the body.
- Frequent desire to urinate without large amounts of urine.
- Increased vaginal discharge.
- Pain in the rectum or testis and dyslexia in men.
Complications of urinary tract infection
Complications of urinary incontinence include:
- Transmission of urethra and bladder to ureters and kidneys.
- Transfection of the urinary system to other areas of the body.
- Damaged damage.
- Increase the probability of having babies weighing less than normal.
Diagnosis of urinary tract infection
To diagnose urinary incontinence the doctor may resort to the following:
- Study the history of the patient.
- Clinical examination.
- Laboratory tests, including:
- Examine a sample of urine to detect the presence of bacteria, or white blood cells that confirm an infection.
- Cultivation of urine.
- Sensitivity Test: A suitable antibiotic is chosen to treat the bacteria that cause urinary infection.
- Blood transplantation, and the doctor resorted to him in case of doubt of the arrival of infection to the blood.
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): This is a test for a doctor when there is a suspicion that symptoms are caused by a sexually transmitted disease.
- Examine urea and creatinine to evaluate kidney function.
- Check glycemic, hemoglobin, to detect the presence of diabetes.
- Check kidney stones.
- Imaging of kidney and bladder ultrasound.
- Cystic imaging and ejaculation, a test that shows the bladder is full and when urinating.
- Nuclear imaging of the bladder and kidney.
- Cystoscopy.
- Examination of the colored rays of the urinary system.
- Computed tomography (CT).
Treatment of urinary tract infection
Methods of treatment of urinary incontinence include:
- Use painkillers to overcome fever and pain.
- Use of antibiotics in the form of pills, syrup, or through veins. Treatment options for women and men include the use of the following antibiotics:
- Trimethoprim.
- Nitrofurantoin.
- Cefalixin.
- To treat urinary infections in children, the following antibiotics can be used:
- Cefalixin
- Amoxicillin, with clavolanic acid.
- For the treatment of urinary infection in pregnant women should use antibiotics that do not affect the fetus, such as:
- Penicillin.
- Amoxicillin.
- Erythromycin.
- Cephalosporin.
Prevention of urinary tract infection
For the treatment of inflammation of the urine and prevention of infection again recommended the following:
- Drink enough water daily : According to the National Institute of Diabetes and gastrointestinal diseases, the patient is advised to urinate drinking enough water; in order to the role of water in the disposal of bacteria that cause inflammation of the urine. The amount of water required for the body varies from person to person depending on the weight. If the person weighs 63.6 kg, for example, he needs to drink 2 liters of water, and those with kidney inflammation should consult with the doctor about the amount of water suitable for them.
- Eat foods rich in vitamin C. : According to the Johns Hopkins medical site, taking vitamin C prevents the growth of bacteria in the urinary tract.
- Use a heating pad to warm the pubic area , Which reduces the pain and burn, to be low temperature and using a buffer between the pillow and the body, and not used for more than a quarter of an hour to avoid burns.
- Refrain from eating foods that irritate the bladder , Such as alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, soft drinks, artificial sweeteners, warm foods, and the proliferation of foods beneficial to digestive health, such as fiber-rich carbohydrates.
- Blow the bladder down To get rid of the infectious bacteria.
- Follow a healthy lifestyle , Like:
- Wear loose cotton underwear.
- Quit Smoking.
- Follow the right way to clean the sensitive area; from front to back for ladies.
- Use of personal hygiene and perfume free products.
- Eat plenty of cranberries and drink juice , Because it contains compounds that prevent adhesion of bacteria causing disease to cells.
- Urination after intercourse .
- Shower using a water gun Instead of a bathtub.